Expert answer:psychology addictions

Answer & Explanation:Pedro.docxAs Chapter 6 begins, you are introduced to the case study of Pedro, which concludes at the end of the chapter. Evaluate the counselor’s assessment, diagnosis, and treatment recommendations for Pedro as presented in your Reading, and then answer the following questions: Do you agree with this counselor’s conclusions? What are the strengths and weaknesses of this counselor’s assessment of Pedro? What assessment and diagnosis techniques might you have considered other than those used? Can you support the assessment instruments used in this case study? Why or why not? Finally, expand upon the treatment recommendations presented in the case study and offer support for your considerations and recommendations.
pedro.docx

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Pedro is a 24 year old single Mexican American male, and the oldest son of his first generation American
migrant farming parents. Pedro has three younger brothers who all looked up to him while growing up.
The family was proud of Pedro the day he enlisted in the United States Army. He engaged in combat
several times while in Iraq but was spared injury until the day the Humvee he was riding in ran over a
roadside Improvised Explosive Devise. The vehicle’s extra armor plating protected Pedro from the flying
shrapnel; however, the explosions shock waves caused him to suffer from symptoms consistent with a
closed head injury. Also, the force of the explosion ruptured his ear drums, permanently impairing his
hearing. Pedro was honorably discharged following a medical examination and returned to Northwest
Ohio. He felt disconnected from the person he was before he left for military duty. He had difficulty
falling asleep almost every night and found himself frequently thinking about what he had seen and
experienced while in combat. He felt alone and isolated from his family, who had returned to Texas for
the winter. To support himself, he accepted an offer to work as a manager at a local grocery store. He
quickly found it difficult to motivate himself to go to work each day. His employer, a Vietnam-era
veteran, felt obliged to continue Pedro’s employment out of loyalty to a fellow soldier, but made no
effort to hide the fact that Pedro’s work was inadequate. He liked to complain to his subordinates about
catching Pedro staring off into space and how he often came late and left early. As time wore on, Pedro
found himself spending more time at the Veterans of Foreign Wars Post in the next town over. Initially,
he would drive to the VFW after work in anticipation of the kinship he felt alongside others who had
been in the service. After a while though, he noticed that his mind was focused more on the beer he
drank than on those with whom he drank it. On more than one occasion, he found himself drinking until
closing time. Over the course of the last month, Pedro took to sneaking a few bottles of beer in the
storeroom before getting off work. He rationalized this behavior because he felt that he was underpaid
for his services and drinking helped him both take the edge off and make the drive to the VFW a little
easier to tolerate. Last week, Pedro crashed his car into a parked vehicle and landed in a ditch on the
drive home from the VFW at 2:00 in the morning. He was found, passed out at the wheel, by a sheriff’s
deputy and transported to the local hospital. Although his car was totaled, he escaped the accident
uninjured. He was cited for driving under the influence and for destruction of property.
Pedro retained an attorney who advised him that it might look good in the judge’s eyes if he voluntarily
subjected himself to a drug and alcohol assessment at the VA hospital in the state capital. Pedro
seriously doubted that he had an alcohol problem but, upon his attorney’s advice, he called his VA
hospital and set up an appointment for an assessment. He followed through with his scheduled
appointment and met with a chemical dependency counselor.
The following paragraph continues the case example presented at the beginning of this chapter. Pedro
and the counselor met for approximately 2 hours, during which time he completed the MAST, SASSI-3,
and the counselor-administered ASI. Pedro’s responses to the MAST produced a score of 12. The SASSI-3
classified Pedro as likely substance dependent based on his elevated FVA scale score. The results of the
ASI were consistent with the MAST and SASSI-3 but further suggested that Pedro receive a referral for a
dual-diagnosis assessment to rule out additional psychological sequelae-post traumatic stress disorder
in particular. Pedro’s counselor concluded that his presenting features supported the following DSM-IVTR diagnoses:
Axis I
309.9 Alcohol Dependence
Rule out 309.81 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Axis II
799.9 Deferred
Axis III
None, by patient report
Axis IV
Occupational Problems, Legal Problems
Axis V
Current GAF: 55 Past year GAF: 70
Pedro was advised of the counselor’s diagnosis and treatment recommendations. He decided to accept
the recommendations to schedule an intake interview with the PTSD department and to place himself
on the waiting list for inpatient alcohol dependence treatment. However, he felt it would be too
embarrassing for him to attend Alcoholics Anonymous meetings in his community.
…
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