Expert answer:Probabilities of Publications and Graduation
Expert answer:InstructionsIn the following study, three different universities have been tracking a select group of professors over the course of their employment at that university to determine the number of students who are in a particular professor’s classes, how many of those students have graduated, and if any of them have had their work published. In the attached Excel file, Probabilities, are the totals for each of the professors at the three different universities that participated in the study.The purpose of this study is to find the probabilities of graduation and publication for the students in the different professors’ courses. While a causal relationship may not be found between a professor and student graduation or publication, we need to rank the professors based on the different probabilities found with the data sets as described below.Prepare a report (see below) with your ranking of the professors based on the probabilities and conditional probabilities as well as the analysis of each university. Include the following seven (7) items in table format which is provided in the Probabilities file to support your ranking.Note: Be sure to use five (5) decimal places for your probabilities in the table, as some of them will be quite small. Do not convert to percentages as we are interested in probabilities only here.The overall probability of students graduating at each of the three universities.The overall probability of students having a publication at each of the three universities.The overall probability of students having a publication, given that they graduated at each of the three universities.The probability of a student graduating for each professor.The probability of a student having a publication for each professor.The probability of a student having a publication given that they graduated for each professor.Rank the professors within each university for each of the probabilities in 4–6. Then find the sum of the ranks and determine an overall ranking for each professor.Be sure to critically analyze the above calculations in your body paragraphs, explaining how you found each type of probability and then the results that you obtained. Be sure to also explain your criteria for ranking in steps 4–7, and defend why you chose that ranking method—as your way might not be the typical method.Paper RequirementsWrite a report that uses the Written Assignment Requirements under the heading Expectations for CSU-Global Written Assignments found in the CSU-Global Guide to Writing and APA. Items that should be included, but are not limited Items that should be included, at a minimum, are a title page, an introduction, a body which answers the questions posed in the problem, and a conclusion paragraph that addresses your findings and what you have determined from the data and your analysis. As with all written assignments, you should have in-text citations and a reference page. Please include any tables of calculations, calculated values, and graphs associated with this problem in the body of your assignment response.Note: You must submit your Excel file with your report. This will aid in grading with partial credit if errors are found in the report
mth156_ct_mods2_3_6_opt1_coding.docx
mth156_ct_mod3_option2_probabilities6_students.xlsx
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Springdale Shopping Survey*
The major shopping areas in the community of Springdale include Springdale Mall, West Mall, and the downtown
area on Main Street. A telephone survey has been conducted to identify strengths and weaknesses of these areas
and to find out how they fit into the shopping activities of local residents. The 150 respondents were also asked to
provide information about themselves and their shopping habits. The data are provided in the file SHOPPING. The
variables in the survey were as follows:
A. How Often Respondent Shops at Each Area (Variables 1–3)
1.
Springdale Mall
6 or more times/wk.
4–5 times/wk.
2–3 times/wk.
1 time/wk.
2–4 times/mo.
0–1 times/mo.
2.
Downtown
3.
West Mall
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
B. How Much the Respondent Spends during a Trip to Each Area (Variables 4–6)
4.
Springdale Mall
$200 or more
$150–under $200
$100–under $150
$ 50–under $100
$ 25–under $50
$ 15–under $25
less than $15
5.
Downtown
6.
West Mall
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
8.
Downtown
9.
West Mall
(5)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(5)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
C. General Attitude toward Each Shopping Area (Variables 7–9)
7.
Springdale Mall
Like very much
Like
Neutral
Dislike
Dislike very much
(5)
(4)
(3)
(2)
(1)
D. Which Shopping Area Best Fits Each Description (Variables 10–17)
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
Easy to return/exchange goods
High quality of goods
Low prices
Good variety of sizes/styles
Sales staff helpful/friendly
Convenient shopping hours
Clean stores and surroundings
A lot of bargain sales
Springdale
Mall
Downtown
West
Mall
No
Opinion
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
E. Importance of Each Item in Respondent’s Choice of a Shopping Area (Variables 18–25)
Not
Important
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
Easy to return/exchange goods
High quality of goods
Low prices
Good variety of sizes/styles
Sales staff helpful/friendly
Convenient shopping hours
Clean stores and surroundings
A lot of bargain sales
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Very
Important
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(4)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(5)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
(7)
F. Information aboutt the Respondent (Variables 26–30)
26. Gender: (1) = Male
(2) = Female
27. Number of years of school completed:
(1) = less than 8 years
(3) = 12–under 16 years
(2) = 8–under 12 years
(4) = 16 years or more
28. Marital status: (1) = Married (2) = Single or other
29. Number of people in household:
persons
30. Age:
years
Each respondent in this database is described by 30 variables. As an example of their interpretation, consider row number 1.
This corresponds to respondent number 1 and contains the following information.
Variable number 6 = 7. The
respondent usually spends less
than $15 when she
shops at West Mall.
Variable number 26 = 2. The
respondent is a female.
5556774441131111167765667232421
Variable number 1 = 5.
The respondent shops at Springdale Mall 2–4 times/month.
Variable number 19 = 7.
Respondent believes “high quality
of goods” is very important in
choosing a shopping area.
*Source: Materials for this case have been provided courtesy of The Archimedes Group, Indiana, PA. Data are based on actual responses
obtained to this subset of the questions included in the survey; town and mall identities have been disguised as well as a number of
responses were updated.
University/College Professor/Instructor
J.W. Blake
WWCC
K.R. Cunningham
R.H. Doughty
L.M. Edwards
W.H. Greiner
I.D. Jackson
O.P. Lawson
G.F. Nelson
A.F. Paul
D.K. Raulson
T.R. South
E.A. Thomas
C.F. Viney
F.E. Yousef
Totals
Number Students Taught Graduated Publications
1956
1545
711
1102
981
373
1911
1682
606
419
402
201
2133
2133
768
646
581
203
864
812
219
1049
797
279
1039
1039
509
889
747
187
2890
2254
1082
2923
2777
861
1984
1567
642
2704
2352
847
EWCC
A.D. Blaise
I.A. Frank
S.D. Gundel
P.O. Hogan
W.M. Kraft
L.I. Luebbers
J.H. Nye
J.A. O’Dell
R.W. Pauly
K.G. Ross
D.S. Smith
J.P. Trost
M.M. Wall
Totals
247
2613
1813
1052
1270
2248
2330
286
751
153
126
2510
2629
188
2247
1523
926
1041
1866
1841
277
593
122
105
2159
2103
83
629
655
389
396
653
865
105
208
54
40
1015
904
NWCC
D.H. Allen
T.G. Black
M.A. Carter
M.P. Drake
J.K. Elmsworth
P.T. Grey
C.R. Heines
D.R. Jones
B.M. Keith
G.H. Matheson
P.R. Neighbors
S.T. Orion
A.P. Tracey
Totals
902
2842
2660
2595
2480
751
1489
605
165
2588
2991
1438
2542
731
2671
2234
2206
2381
646
1266
496
153
1941
2572
1337
2262
183
1336
603
949
667
207
582
164
47
679
900
508
927
P(Graduated) Rank by P(G) P(Publications) Rank by P(P) P(P|G) Rank by P(P|G)
Sum of Ranks Overall Rank
…
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