Expert answer:business ethics Case Study Assignment
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Case Study Assignment
Each student will do a case study for all of the methods that we covered this semester:
utilitarianism, Kant, libertarianism, Rawls and Catholic social teaching. The purpose of the case
study assignment is to demonstrate that you understand the methods and are able to apply
them to ethical issues that we have not gone over in class. After the assignment description
below I have pasted in news stories that you can use for your case studies. The assignment is as
follows:
1.
Choose a news story that you will focus on for that method.
(Note: you can use one story for no more than two methods. Different stories will work
better for different methods.
2.
Develop and clearly state a very specific ethical dilemma that relates to the story
you have chosen for each method. (Note: your ethical dilemma should NOT include
editorial comments in its construction. You should not bias the dilemma or the
resolution of the dilemma by the way in which you word the dilemma. Also, all
dilemmas need to be business-related.)
3.
Resolve your dilemma from the perspective of the method.
(Do not resolve the method according to your own personal opinion or arguments–only
from the perspective of the method. Go step by step, as we have done in class, to come
to a resolution of the dilemma.)
4.
Include a discussion of the strengths or weaknesses of the argument in its
resolution of the dilemma, if there are strengths or weaknesses to the method
.
Story Option #1:
http://www.npr.org/2011/10/26/141690739/south-africa-reconsiders-walmarts-bid-for-retailer
Story Option #2:
http://www.npr.org/2011/10/26/141687537/in-northwest-town-alocal-fight-against-global-coal and there are one or two follow-up stories on this
Story Option #3:
http://www.npr.org/2011/09/29/140344871/retirement-heist-howfirms-trimmed-pensions
Story Option #4:
http://www.npr.org/2011/09/26/140737591/bartering-for-healthcare-yardwork-for-treatment
Story Option #5:
http://www.npr.org/2011/10/27/141661114/back-from-chinafurniture-maker-returns-to-n-c
Story Option #6:
http://www.npr.org/2011/09/23/140631752/high-costs-make-itharder-to-grow-young-farmers
Story Option #7: Global Reality Challenges IMF’s Free Market Gospel
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=124792660
Story Option #8:
http://www.npr.org/2012/10/30/163923899/swiss-bank-ubs-to-lay-off-10-000employees
Story Option #9:
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/business/wp/2016/10/21/advocacygroups-urge-crackdown-on-influencer-marketing-aimed-at-children/
Story Option #10
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/10/26/why-employeesfeel-so-pinched-by-health-care-costs/?hpid=hp_hp-more-topstories_healthinsurance-1230am%3Ahomepage%2Fstory
read about each method, know it well.
For Utilitarian:
Write an ethical dilemma (starts with “should” and clearly has a conflict between two values
(such as, but not limited to: profit vs. labor costs; sourcing and child labor; cost of
environmentally responsible practices). Write the dilemma from the perspective of someone
in business-don’t ask government-related questions or ask if someone “should be allowed to”
do something. After you develop an ethical dilemma, then resolve the dilemma as though
you are a utilitarian. Ballpark the numbers (if none are given), multiply by some factor of 110 for happiness or unhappiness, do the math, and explain what decision a utilitarian would
choose AND why. Include the short term and long term consequences.
For Libertarian:
find an ethical dilemma and then resolve it according to a libertarian perspective. –Should
business person X do Y?
for Kant: answer these questions :
How to use Kant’s theory to make a decision in business:
1. What is the ethical dilemma?
2.
Who is the agent
: The agent is the decision-maker. For this
method you should only have one person in the decision-making
position. A “company” cannot make a collective decision based
on Kant’s methodology in the aggregate. Additionally, there are
people within a company whose job descriptions and
responsibilities may make their “duty” in a situation differ from
another person’s job within the same company.
3.
What is the agent’s role in the situation?
: For Kant, the
intrinsic nature of things relates to the required duty. In order to
figure out the “nature” of what is going on, you need to be very
specific about what the agent’s role is.
4.
What is the nature of the role?
: In Sandel, with the case of a
murderer chasing someone hiding in your home, the issue
relates to you being asked a question—in that situation you have
to decide what to respond, which makes you a communicator—
your role is a communicator. The “nature” of the act of
communication is truth telling.
5.
What is the duty associated with the role?
This is related to
the “nature” of the act and the role of the agent.
6.
What is the categorical imperative?
A categorical imperative
is something that you believe could be a binding command on
everyone contemplating this same act. For Kant, things are
intrinsically right or wrong—they are always and everywhere
right or wrong. There are no exceptions to a rule. For this step,
you want to think about the two possible (but opposite) “rules”
that you are proposing for the ethical dilemma. One of them will
end up being the morally worthy thing to do according to Kant
and one will not be morally worthy.
7.
Is this categorical imperative universalizable?
The purpose
of this particular question is to consider the opinion of vastly
different people across generations, historical circumstances,
genders, religions, etc. Kant believes that objective universal
truths exist. However, our own personal emotions, goals, selfinterest, social-economic-historical circumstances could lead us
in the wrong direction. So we need to try to figure out if other
people, who are reasonable people thinking rationally, would
agree with our proposal. You don’t want to ask your mom or your
best friend because they probably think very similarly to you.
This is a difficult one to settle on your own—you have to ask
others if you were really using this process in a situation.
8.
Would I be willing to switch places with everyone in the
scenario?
You want to place yourself in the situation that
everyone else involved in the scenario would be in. A typical
example of this relates to bias in hiring. If a hiring manager has a
bias against people nearing retirement, no matter how qualified
that person may be for the position, even maybe being the best
possible candidate, deciding not hire them would go against the
“nature” of the decision to hire the “best possible” candidate and
the hiring manager would not want to switch places with
someone who is older but perfectly qualified.
9.
Am I using someone MERELY as a means to an end?
Kant
believes that people need to be treated with a deep respect and
as an “end” in and of themselves, not JUST a means to an end.
An example of this—when I was an adjunct professor at another
university, I taught a 15 week course, was paid $1500 for the
entire course, had no office, received no benefits, received no
review so I could later get a letter of recommendation for a full
time job, and no one ever even checked up on me or my class. I
was simply a means to that course being taught and nothing
more. As a tenure-track professor, I receive a fair salary, benefits,
have an office, am constantly reviewed so I know how I’m doing,
have access to all sorts of faculty development opportunities,
have access to resources that I need to do well in the classroom
and in my other responsibilities, etc. I am certainly a means to
getting CSR and ethics courses taught…but I’m not MERELY that.
I am treated with respect and Dominican cares about my
personal and professional situation. Prostitution is another
example—one person is seeking sex and the other is seeking
money and there is no relationship—each is using the other
MERELY as a means to the end of money or sex.
When using Kant’s theory, you want to go through ALL of the steps to
thoroughly think through the questions.
For Rawls
For Catholic social teaching:
please watch the entirety of the 3 videos for an introduction to the concepts of Catholic social teaching.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ELyLdMlFdzA (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
CST Pt 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2mhqLPii4CM (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
CST Pt 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJ5Jj5Ukhgk (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
CST Pt 3
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-N4l8T0m2bE (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
After you understand the CST,
analyze the story and a dilemma using the concepts that we learned in CST: human dignity,
common good, stewardship, preferential option for the poor, 3 types of justice and subsidiarity.
You should explain and apply each of the concepts.
…
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