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background_study_pool.pdf
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Abstract
A 21 in horizontal axis wind turbine needed to be built, by researching wind turbine
technologies, to determine the best design to lift weights by attaching a string to the hub of the
turbine and wrapping it over a pulley to attach the weight, it can lift the weight while facing a
fan. To succeed with this task an overall research needed to select the best design to it can lift
weight faster. Several designs were discussed. Overall, 3D printing would be the more beneficial
due to its accuracy. The wind turbine has met the required criteria of constructing.
1 Introduction
For ENGR101, it is a requirement to do 2 projects throughout the course. Since the
first project is done, so the work now is on the second project. Students had the choice
to choose their project out of 3 options. The first option was to build a Horizontal Axis
Wind Turbine, which was the option selected by the team after a deep thinking and
discussion. The second option was to build a game based on friction. However, the third
option gave the students the ability to show their creativity if they want to since it
consists of building your own project.
Moreover, many benefits were gained in the first project and more benefits were
gained in the second project. Writing a summary every week on the progress of the
project was a major benefit since it remind students to summarize the ideas of what
they took during the week for each class they are taking. In addition, each member of
the team now have a background on wind turbines and other alternative energy sources
which will be helpful for engineering students.
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2 Problem statement
A horizontal axis wind turbine needed to lift some weight. This would require building
the best and most efficient design, so it can hold and lift the maximum weight possible.
There are some constraints that it must be freestanding and an overall height of 21 in.
3 Objective
The objective of this project was to design and build a wind turbine whose height is 21
inches including the base and the blades. With no materials limitation, however, it can’t be premanufactured. Certain limitation included that the centerline must be 10 ½ in so it can face the
center of the fan. There is another constraint that each blade must not exceed 10 in so it can meet
the required 21 in wind turbine.
Introduction
The working of wind turbines takes place by changing the wind energy into turbine’s
rotational K.E and afterward the electrical power that is then devoured by electrical
machines. The littlest turbines are utilized for applications, for example, battery
charging for assistant power for vessels or troops or to power movement cautioning
signs. Marginally bigger turbines can be utilized for influencing commitments to a
residential power to supply while offering unused power back to the utility provider
by means of the electrical network. Varieties of expansive turbines, known as wind
ranches/farms, are turning into an inexorably imperative wellspring of an irregular
sustainable power source and are utilized by numerous nations as a feature of a
procedure to decrease their dependence on petroleum products.
Power Determination of the Wind Turbine
The computation of the K.Erot created in wind turbine at its appraised speed of wind
must be performed. This is the base speed of the wind at which a wind turbine
creates its evaluated power. Design of blade is flat plate section. By using resistor 200
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Ω, average efficiency to delta
connection is 6.2 percent and wye connection is 3.7 percent. Actually, the efficiency
of both are still small. There are many losses in this prototype. Those are losses at
turbine, generator and at line. Variables which are used for power determination are
given below:
The most extreme hypothetical power yield of a turbine operating on wind is, along
these lines, 16/27 times the motor power of the air going through the compelling
circle region of the machine. (Hau, 2005, Grogg, 2005) In the event that the viable
territory of the plate is A, and the wind speed v, the greatest hypothetical power yield
P is:
Likewise, at this most extreme breaking point, wind turbines can’t work.
Transformation frameworks of wind energy is a framework which means to change the
dynamic vitality of the breeze into mechanical vitality to the turbine shaft and
afterward adjusted again by the generator into electrical vitality.
Wind dynamic vitality with mass “m” is moving with speed v has the condition (Patel,
1999):
The execution of the HAWT model was likewise decided from the tip speed ratio. Tip
speed proportion is the furthest side speed correlation of the rotor against the breeze
speed. Condition tip speed proportion is:
This is the final equation for available power measurement.
Wind Turbine Design
In HAWT, at the highest point of a pinnacle, there is principle rotor shaft and
electrical generator and must be pointed into the wind. Little turbines are pointed by
a straightforward wind vane, while expansive turbines, for the most part, utilize a
wind sensor combined with a servomotor. Most have a gearbox, which transforms the
moderate turn of the blades into a snappier revolution that is more reasonable to
drive an electrical generator.
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Wind turbines are particular size classes. The humblest having power age under 10 kW
are used as a piece of farms, homes, and remote applications. (Xiao-ping et.al, 2012)
For HAWTs, tower statures approximately a couple of times the length of the edge
have been found to modify material costs of the zenith against better utilization of
the all the more exorbitant dynamic portions. The layout specific for a wind turbine
will contain a power twist and guaranteed openness. With the data from the wind
resource assessment, it is possible to learn business practicality. In wind turbine, the
commonly utilized materials are composites for the rotor blades, as they have a
tendency to have a high firmness, high quality, high weariness protection, and low
weight. (Dan & Mcweigh, 2016) Typical pitches utilized for these composites
incorporate polyester and epoxy, while glass and carbon filaments have been utilized
for the material for strengthening. (Watson et.al, 2016) Construction may utilize
manual layup methods or composite tar infusion shaping. As the cost of glass filaments
is just around one-tenth the cost of carbon fiber, glass fiber is as yet overwhelming.
Concluding Remarks
It is expected to build the effectiveness by building up a unique breeze turbines which
is basic, compelling and minimal effort wind turbine. What’s more, the utilizing of the
speed-increment gearbox can expand generator rpm despite the fact that the gearbox
can add to vibration. The cross breed amongst flat and vertical hub can build the
productivity because of vertical pivot wind turbine can turn at littler scale speed
instead of the level hub. Wind energy be easily utilized with the help of this prototype
even in areas where there is not enough velocity of the wind. It can be used there
with ease and household electricity demand can be fulfilled in low cost and quick
way.
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