Expert answer:Genetic Literacy across the Lifespan

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Module 2
Genetic Mutations Exercise
Instructions: Below you are given an imaginary wildtype sense strand (coding strand) of DNA and the
corresponding mature mRNA sequence with its corresponding protein sequence. Five mutant DNA
sense strands are presented. For each mutant DNA strand (mutant 2-5), write the mRNA strand, the
protein sequence, and an explanation of the type(s) of mutation represented, including the impact on
protein synthesis. I have completed the first mutant as an example. I will post the answers after the
assignment has been submitted. This is a required homework activity worth 5 points.
Wildtype sense strand sequence:
ATG-TCA-CCC-GCG-CAG-GAA-GGA
(Upper case letters denote coding sequence of the DNA)
Mature mRNA sequence:
AUG-UCA-CCC-GCG-CAG-GAA-GGA
Protein sequence:
methionine-serine-proline-alanine-glutamine-glutamic acid-glycine
Mutant 1:
ATG-TGA-CCC-GCG-CAG-GAA-GGA
mRNA:
AUG-UGA-CCC-GCG-CAG-GAA-GGA
Protein:
methionine-stop
Mutation:
The fifth base is changed from a C to a G. This is a point mutation (and a
base substitution). The mutation causes a nonsense mutation because a
codon for serine is replaced by a stop codon, resulting in a truncated
protein.
Mutant 2:
ATG-TCA-ACC-GCG-CAG-GAA-GGA
mRNA:
Protein:
Mutation:
Mutant 3:
mRNA:
Protein:
Mutation:
ATG-CAT-TCA-CCC-GCG-CAG-GAA-GGA
Mutant 4:
ATG-TCA-CCC-GCG-CAG-GAA-GGC
mRNA:
Protein:
Mutation:
Mutant 5:
ATG-T_A-CCC-GCG-CAG-GAA-GGA
mRNA:
Protein:
Mutaton:
Module 3: Transcription and Translation Exercise
Questions: Below is an imaginary sequence of DNA. This sequence represents the sense strand
of the double helix. It contains both exons and introns. The sequences in upper case are exons,
and sequences in lower case are introns.
a). write the complementary sequence of the template DNA strand and label the 5′ and 3′ ends
of this sequence.
b). write the RNA primary transcript sequence and label the 5′ and 3′ ends.
c). write the mature mRNA sequence and label the 5′ and 3′ ends and indicate where the cap
and poly A tail are located.
d). 1) break the mature mRNA into codons 2) write out the anticodon sequence for each codon
(the anticodon sequence is part of a tRNA molecule) 3) name the amnio acid that each codon
specifies.
Sense strand sequence:
5’agccaatgatgATGGTGCACCTGgttagacctcagtacatACTCCTgtcctcactcctatAAGTCTTAG3′
…
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