Expert answer:Urban Heat Islands

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GEOG 100
MSU-Mankato
Extra Credit #4 — 5 points
Urban Heat Islands
DUE: Monday, October 23rd
Fall 2017
Schmid
For these extra credit points you will access a U.S. government webpage (EPA 2017) to investigate
some of the impacts associated with urban heat islands. In addition, you will use data from a second
source (Kenward et al. 2014) to map the ten U.S. cities that exhibited the largest urban-rural summer
temperature contrast from 2004-2013.
Learning Objectives:
✓ Interpret the information presented on a federal government website
✓ Use data on urban heat islands to map U.S. cities significant summertime urban-rural
temperature contrasts.
Background:
Large human population concentrations and built environments host a variety of variables that can
contribute to the creation of urban heat islands. These urban heat islands variables include building
geometry, physical characteristics of built surfaces, changes in evapotranspiration, and anthropogenic
heat and pollution sources.
Formatting this assignment:
Word document formatting as required for all Fall 2017 GEOG 100 submissions (see D2L for
required details). Remember to include in-text parenthetical (author year) citations and a reference list
of all the sources you have used.
**Submission of your completed assignment:
To receive credit for this assignment, it must be submitted by the beginning of class on the due
date noted at the top of these directions. Your completed exercise should be submitted directly to Dr.
Schmid during office hours, before/after class, or to the staff in the Geography Department office in MH
206 prior to the due date.
**Note: Extra credit assignments submitted to the Geography office on the due date will not
receive any credit. Extra credit assignments must be turned in early, or at the beginning of class
on the due date. Only early assignments may be turned into the department office for credit.
Discussion Questions:
1) What are some of the air quality problems associated with urban air pollution?
2) What characteristics of urban heat islands can negatively impact human health?
3) How do deaths from exposure to excessive heat compare to deaths from other natural
hazards in the United States?
Map Directions:
Use the following Kenward et al. (2014) data to map the ten U.S. cities that exhibited the largest
urban-rural differences in summer temperatures from 2004-2013. It should be noted that the
temperature listed with each city is the average urban-rural summer temperature difference over that
decade. All the cities listed would have experienced multiple days with greater temperature contrasts.
For example: Minneapolis experienced at least one day where the city’s temperature was as much as
22°F hotter than the surrounding rural areas.
Extra Credit #4
Map Directions continued on page2. Use the base map available on D2L
P a g e |1
GEOG 100
MSU-Mankato
Extra Credit #4 — 5 points
Urban Heat Islands
DUE: Monday, October 23rd
Fall 2017
Schmid
Map Directions (continued):
Locate the following cities on the U.S. map provided on D2L, along with their average summer
urban-rural temperature contrast (Kenward et al. 2014). Your final map should have all ten cities
labelled with the city name and their average summer urban-rural temperature contrast:
• Las Vegas (7.3°F)
• Albuquerque (5.9°F)
• Denver (4.9°F)
• Portland (4.8°F)
• Louisville (4.8°F)
• Washington, D.C. (4.7°F)
• Kansas City (4.6°F)
• Columbus (4.4°F)
• Minneapolis (4.3°F)
• Seattle (4.1°F)
Your finished assignment should include:
1) Your typed answers to the questions related to the information presented on the EPA (2017)
webpage.
2) Your hand-labelled map of the ten U.S. cities exhibiting the greatest urban-rural summer
temperature contrasts.
 Note that no computer labelled maps are acceptable. Your maps must be labelled by your hand.
References
EPA. 2017. Heat island impacts. United States Environmental Protection Agency.
https://www.epa.gov/heat-islands/heat-island-impacts#main-content (last accessed 17 October
2017).
Kenward, Alyson, David Yawitz, Todd Sanford, and Regina Wong. 2014. Summer in the city: Hot and
getting hotter. Climate Central. http://assets.climatecentral.org/pdfs/UrbanHeatIsland.pdf (last
accessed 22 March 2017).
Extra Credit #4
Map Directions continued on page2. Use the base map available on D2L
P a g e |2
Name _________________________________________________________________ GEOG 100 Section _____________
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