Expert answer:The Presidency
Solved by verified expert:News Journal Written Assignment:News Journals require you to relate current events to the topics covered within POS 2041, American National Government. For this Journal you will select your own article. The article you select will determine your success on this Journal. The article must be about The President, and illustrate a concept discussed in your textbook. The news article you select must itself be at least 4 paragraphs in length and come from a major, national news source. For a list of sources and search possibilities please go to the Media tab, on the POS 2041 Lib page. Create your Journal meeting the criteria we have been using and addressing each of the elements below.Summary – Summarize in paragraph form the facts and issues presented in the article. Please document the source of your information with a parenthetical reference.Application – Apply one or more concepts from your textbook to the information in the news article. Specifically explain how the material in your textbook is illustrated in the article you are examining. This can be accomplished by using examples from the article and terms or concepts found in the textbook.Analysis – Provide an analysis that identifies the perspective presented in the article and compare it to your understanding of principles of the Constitution of the United States including the delegated or inherent powers of the president or the roles of the president.In order to receive credit, you are required to:Divide your assignment into paragraphs and identify each section by number and title as listed above.Submit your response in at least 350 words, excluding the title page and reference page.Provide in-text citations and references in the APA writing format.
0134625838_ch7_ppt.pptx
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American Government Roots and Reform
Thirteenth Edition
Chapter 7
The Presidency
Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Learning Objectives
7.1 Describe the constitutional provisions that provide the roots
of the American presidency.
7.2 Identify the roles and responsibilities of the president under
the Constitution.
7.3 Trace the expansion of presidential power.
7.4 Describe the organization and functions of the Executive
Office of the President.
7.5 Describe the relationship between the president and the
public.
7.6 Describe the relationship between the president and the
Congress.
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7.1 Roots of the Office of President
of the United States
• Presidential Qualifications and Terms of Office
• Rules of Succession
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7.1 Presidential Qualifications and
Terms of Office
• Fear of Executive Power
• Twenty-Second Amendment
• Impeachment
• Executive Privilege
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7.1 Who Has Served as President of
the United States?
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7.1 Rules of Succession
• Presidential Succession Act
• Twenty-Fifth Amendment
– Addresses vacancies in office of president and vice president
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Table 7.1 What Is the Presidential
Line of Succession?
1. Vice President
10. Secretary of Commerce
2. Speaker of the House
11. Secretary of Labor
3. President Pro Tempore of the Senate
12. Secretary of Health and Human Services
4. Secretary of State
13. Secretary of Housing and Urban
Development
5. Secretary of the Treasury
14. Secretary of Transportation
6. Secretary of Defense
15. Secretary of Energy
7. Attorney General
16. Secretary of Education
8. Secretary of the Interior
17. Secretary of Veteran Affairs
9. Secretary of Agriculture
18. Secretary of Homeland Security
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7.1 Journal Prompt
• Describe the constitutional provisions that provide the
roots of the American presidency.
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7.2 The Constitutional Powers of the
President
• The Appointment Power
• The Power to Convene Congress
• The Power to Make Treaties
• The Veto Power
• The Power to Preside over the Military as Commander in
Chief
• The Pardoning Power
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7.2 The Appointment Power
• Ambassadors
• Judges
• Cabinet
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7.2 The Power to Convene
Congress
• Used on “Extraordinary Occasions”
– Times of crisis
• State of the Union
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7.2 The Power to Make Treaties
• Treaties Require Senate Approval
– Most treaties ratified
– Senate rejected Treaty of Versailles after WWI.
• Receiving Ambassadors
– Recognizing existence of other nations
• Executive Agreements
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7.2 The Veto Power
• “Qualified Negative”
– Can be overridden by 2/3 vote of each chamber of Congress
• Threat of the Veto
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7.2 The Power to Preside over the
Military as Commander in Chief
• Most Important Executive Power
• War Powers Resolution (1973)
– Controversy over Vietnam War
– Presidents must now seek prior approval to use force.
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7.2 The Pardoning Power
• Check on the Judicial Branch
• Can Be Issue Before or After Conviction
• Cannot Be Used for Impeachment
• Ford Pardons Nixon.
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7.2 Journal Prompt
• Identify the roles and responsibilities of the president
under the Constitution.
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7.3 The Development and Expansion
of Presidential Power
• Establishing Presidential Authority: The First Presidents
• Incremental Expansion of Presidential Powers: 1809–
1933
• Creating the Modern Presidency
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7.3 Establishing Presidential
Authority: The First Presidents
• George Washington
– Established the primacy of the national government
– Established the Cabinet system
– Asserted president’s role in foreign affairs
• John Adams
– Poor leadership hastened development of political parties
• Thomas Jefferson
– Claimed inherent powers
– Doubled size of nation through Louisiana Purchase
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7.3 Incremental Expansion of
Presidential Powers: 1809–1933
• Andrew Jackson
– Democratization of the presidency
– Rewarded loyal followers with presidential appointments
– Used veto power
• Abraham Lincoln
– Extraordinary war powers
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7.3 How Did Abraham Lincoln
Expand Presidential Power?
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7.3 Creating the Modern
Presidency
• Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR)
– Great Depression
– New Deal
– World War II
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7.3 Journal Prompt
• Trace the expansion of presidential power.
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7.4 The Presidential Establishment
• The Vice President
• The Cabinet
• Presidential Spouses
• The Executive Office of the President (EOP)
• The White House Staff
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7.4 The Vice President
• Balancing the Ticket
• Increasing Role in Modern Presidency
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7.4 The Cabinet
• Informal Institution
• Heads of Federal Agencies and Executive Departments
• Assists the President in Executing Laws and Making
Decisions
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7.4 Presidential Spouses
• Informal Advisors
• Powerful First Ladies
– Abigail Adams
– Edith Bolling Galt Wilson
– Eleanor Roosevelt
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7.4 What Do Presidential Spouses Do?
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7.4 The Executive Office of the
President (EOP)
• FDR Established to Oversee New Deal Programs (1939)
• Now Includes Several Agencies
– Council of Economic Advisors
– Office of Management and Budget
– Office of the Vice President
– Office of the U.S. Trade Representative
– National Security Council
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7.4 The White House Staff
• Includes Personal Assistants and Senior Aides
– Chief of Staff
• Not Subject to Senate Confirmation
• No Independent Legal Authority
• Power Derives from Personal Relationship with the
President
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7.4 Journal Prompt
• Describe the organization and functions of the Executive
Office of the President.
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7.5 Presidential Leadership and the
Importance of Public Opinion
• Presidential Leadership and Personality
• Going Public
• The President and Public Opinion
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7.5 Presidential Leadership and
Personality
• Leadership Is an Elusive Concept.
• The “Power to Persuade”
– Enables presidents to get policy goals enacted and win public support
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7.5 Going Public
• Roosevelt’s Bully Pulpit
• Bypassing Congress to Gain Public Support
• Technology Makes Communication Easier.
– Radio
– TV
– Computers
– Cell phones
– Social media
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7.5 Why Do Presidents “Go Public”?
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7.5 The President and Public
Opinion
• Approval Ratings
– Impact on president’s policy agenda
– Cyclical pattern
▪ Honeymoon period
▪ Declining support over time
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7.5 Journal Prompt
• Describe the relationship between the president and the
public.
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7.6 Toward Reform: The President
as Policy Maker
• The President’s Role on Proposing and Facilitating
Legislation
• The Budgetary Process and Legislative Implementation
• Policy Making Through Executive Order
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The President’s Role in Proposing
and Facilitating Legislation
• Importance of proposing legislation early in term
• Role of party loyalty
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7.6 The Budgetary Process and
Legislative Implementation
• Role of OMB
– Prepare president’s budget for Congress
– Review agency budgets
– Create economic forecasts
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7.6 How Important Is a Balanced
Budget?
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7.6 Policy Making through Executive Order
• Executive Orders
– Have the effect of law
– Do not require congressional approval
• Signing Statements
– Written comments attached to a bill signed by the president
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7.6 Journal Prompt
• Describe the relationship between the president and the
Congress.
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7.7 Shared Writing
• Consider the topic of the “American Politics in
Comparative Perspective” feature. What areas of
domestic or foreign policy would be impacted if the
United States were to split the head of state and the head
of government roles?
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Photo Credits
Chapter 7
152: Matthew Cavanaugh/European press photo agency/Alamy
Stock Photo; 155: Charles Dharapak/AP Images; 156: Tim
Sloan/AFP/Getty Images; 159: Bettmann/Getty Images; 159:
Charles Dharapak/AP Images; 159: John Bryson/The LIFE
Images Collection/Getty Images; 159: MPI/Archive Photos/Getty
Images; 159: Ruth Fremson/AP Images; 163 Encyclopaedia
Britannica/Universal Images Group/Getty Images; 165: Roberto
Schmidt/AFP/Getty Images; 166: Kuttig Travel/Alamy Stock
Photo; 166: Mervyn Rees/Alamy Stock Photo; 166: Roy
Conchie/Alamy Stock Photo; 168: Susan Walsh/AP Images;
170: Scott J. Applewhite/AP Images
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