Answer & Explanation:1. Which of these was discovered by Newton?A. The earth orbits the sun, rather than the reverseB. The acceleration caused by gravity is 9.8 m/s^2C. Gravity keeps the planets in their orbitsD. The planets move in elliptical orbits around the sun2. The force of gravity between any two ordinary objects on the earth is _______A. Stronger than the force of gravity from the earthB. Stronger if the objects are more massive C. Stronger when closer to the earthD. Always downward3. What is the magnitude of a gravitational field at a location where an 80 kg astronaut weighs 25 percent what he would weigh on the earth?A. 3 N/kg B. 800 N/kg C. 10 N/kg D. 7 x 10^-11 N/kg 4. How high does a rocket have to go above the earth’s surface to be subject to a gravitational field from the earth that is 50.0 percent of its value at the earth’s surface?A. 3,190 kmB. 9,020 kmC. 12,700 kmD. 2,650 km 5. What causes gravitational force in Einstein’s theory of general relativity?A. The way an object with mass placed on a surface bends the surfaceB. Reference frames moving at a constant relative velocity C The existence of black holesD. The way mass bends space and time6. A mass of 2.50 kg is in a gravitational field of 14.0 N/kg. What force acts on the mass?A. 9.8 NB. 35.0 NC. 5.60 N D. 0.179 N 7. If you plotted vector arrows around a mass to represent gravitational field vectors, describe how the length of the arrows would change as the locations at which they are drawn become closer to the mass that produces the field.A. The arrows would become longer.B. The arrows would become shorter.C. The arrows would remain the same lengthD. The arrows would become shorter and reverse their direction at some distance8. Which of the observations listed is the best evidence supporting Einstein’s conception of gravity?A. The detection of black holesB. The revolution of the earth around the sunC. the rotation of the earthD. Kepler’s laws9. What is Kepler’s first law of planetary motion?A. Planets have elliptical orbits.B. The period of a planet’s orbit is proportional to its distance from the sun.C. Planets have circular orbits.D. The eccentricity of a planet’s orbit is proportional to its distance from the sun.10. Which of these is correct about the moon’s motion around the earth?A. There is no gravity acting on the moon because it is in orbit.B. Centrifugal force acting on the moon balances the force of the earth’s gravityC. The moon is in free fallD. The moon exerts no gravitational force on the earth.
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