Expert answer:Air-condition engineering system
Answer & Explanation:Systems Engineering and Integration.docx I’m doing an air-condition engineering system and I need to defind whya. it is an assemblage or combination of elements or parts.b. the elements or parts are functionally related.c. the elements or parts form a unitary whole.You can read more about these questions in the attachment if you need more understanding.Please I need citation for all the work.
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IT 518 Systems Engineering and Integration
Homework Group 1
Group Project
100 possible points + 0 possible extra credit points
Project (100 Points)
1. Name the system your group will study this semester
2. For the system define why:
a. it is an assemblage or combination of elements or parts;
b. the elements or parts are functionally related;
c. the elements or parts form a unitary whole.
3. For your system:
a. Define the components
b. Describe their attributes or measures of performance
c. Describe the relationships between pairs of linked components
4. Deliver a document, preferable in PDF format, using Blackboard for this assignment
Exercises (n Points Each)
a) None assigned
Problems (m Points Each)
a) None assigned
Extra Credit (p Points Each)
a) None assigned
1.1 SYSTEM DEFINITIONS AND ELEMENTS
A system is an assemblage or combination of functionally related elements or parts forming a unitary
whole, such as a river system or a transportation system. Not every set of items, facts, methods, or
procedures is a system. A random group of items in a room would constitute a set with definite
relationships between the items, but it would not qualify as a system because of the absence of
functional relationships. This book deals primarily with systems that include physical elements and have
useful purposes, including systems associated with all kinds of products, structures, and services, as well
as those that consist of a coordinated body of methods or a complex scheme or plan of procedure.1
1.1.1 The Elements of a System
Systems are composed of components, attributes, and relationships. These are described as follows:
1. Components are the parts of a system.
2. Attributes are the properties (characteristics, configuration, qualities, powers, constraints, and state)
of the components and of the system as a whole.
3. Relationships between pairs of linked components are the result of engineering the attributes of both
components so that the pair operates together effectively in contributing to the system’s purpose(s).
The state is the situation (condition and location) at a point in time of the system, or of a system
component, with regard to its attributes and relationships. The situation of a system may change over
time in only certain ways, as in the on or off state of an electrical switching system. A connected series
of changes in the state over time comprise a behavior. The set of all behaviors with their relative
sequence and timing comprise the process. The process of a component may control the process of
another component.
A system is a set of interrelated components functioning together toward some common objective(s) or
purpose(s). The set of components meets the following requirements:
1. The properties and behavior of each component of the set have an effect on the properties and
behavior of the set as a whole.
2. The properties and behavior of each component of the set depend on the properties and behavior of
at least one other component in the set.
3. Each possible subset of components meets the two requirements listed above; the components
cannot be divided into independent subsets.
The previous requirements ensure that the set of components constituting a system always has some
property, or behavior pattern, that cannot be exhibited by any of its subsets acting alone. A system is
more than the sum of its component parts. However, the components of a system may themselves be
systems, and every system may be part of a larger system in a hierarchy.
When designing a system, the objective(s) or purpose(s) of the system must be explicitly defined and
understood so that system components may be engineered to provide the desired function(s), such as a
desired output for each given set of inputs. Once defined, the objective(s) or purpose(s) make possible
the derivation of measures of effectiveness indicating how well the system performs. Achieving the
intended purpose(s) of a human-made system and defining its measures of effectiveness are usually
challenging tasks.
The purposeful action performed by a system is its function. A common system function is that of
altering material, energy, or information. This alteration embraces input, process, and output. Some
examples are the materials processing in a manufacturing system or a digestive system, the conversion
of coal to electricity in a power plant system, and the information processing in a computer system or a
customer service system. Systems that alter material, energy, or information are composed of structural
components, operating components, and flow components. Structural components are the static parts;
operating components are the parts that perform the processing; and flow components are the
material, energy, or information being altered. A motive force must be present to provide the alteration
within the restrictions set by structural and operating components.
System components have attributes that determine the component’s contribution to the system’s
function. Examples of component attributes include the color of an automobile (a characteristic), the
strength of a steel beam (a quality), the number and arrangement of bridge piers (a configuration), the
capacitance of an electrical circuit (a power), the maximum speed permitted by the governor of a
turbine (a constraint), and whether or not a person is talking on the telephone (a state).An example of a
system-level attribute is the length of runway required by an aircraft for takeoff and landing. The
runway length requirement is determined by the attributes and relationships of the aircraft as a
component and by the configuration attributes of the air transportation system.
A single relationship exists between two and only two components based on their attributes. The two
components are directly connected in some way, though they are not necessarily physically adjacent. In
a system with more than two components, at least one of the components in the relationship also has at
least one relationship with some other component.
Each component in a relationship provides something that the other component needs so that it can
contribute to the system’s function. In order to form a relationship of maximum effectiveness, the
attributes of each component must be engineered so that the collaborative functioning of the two
components is optimized.
Relationships that are functionally necessary to both components may be characterized as first order.
An example is symbiosis, the association of two unlike organisms for the benefit of each other. Secondorder relationships, called synergistic, are those that are complementary and add to system
performance. Redundancy in a system exists when duplicate components are present for the purpose of
assuring continuation of the system function in case of component failure.
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