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Essay should go beyond the obvious and be written at a graduate level making sure to properly
cite sources according to APA style guidelines. Your essay must be a minimum of 1,200 words
(excluding the title, abstract, and reference page), but may not exceed 2,500 words and must use
three academic resources to support your position. Any resources including but not limited to
journals, magazine, and/or books must be properly cited using the APA style.
Most religious traditions have produced extremist movements whose members believe that their
faith and value system is superior to other beliefs. This concept of the “one true faith” has been
used by many fundamentalists to justify violent intolerance on behalf of their religion. Religious
terrorists are modern manifestations of historical traditions of extremism within the world’s
major faiths. For example,
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Within Christianity, the medieval Crusades were a series of exceptionally violent military
campaigns against Muslims, Jews, and heretical Christian sects. Later, during the 16th and
17th centuries, Catholic and Protestant Christians waged relentless wars, which were
marked by extreme brutality, against each other. In the modern era, Christian terrorists and
extremists have participated in communal fighting in numerous countries and in the
United States extremists have bombed abortion clinics and committed other acts of
violence.
Within Judaism, the Old Testament is replete with references to the ancient Hebrews’ faithbased mandate to wage war against non-Jewish occupiers of the Promised Land. In the
modern era, the late Rabbi Meir Kahane’s Kach (Kahane Chai) movement in Israel has
likewise advocated the expulsion of all Arabs from Israel. Two members of the Jewish
Defense League were arrested in the United States in December 2001 on charges of
conspiring to bomb Muslim mosques and the offices of a U.S. congressman in Los Angeles.
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Within Islam, the relative religious tolerance of the 15th and 16th centuries is
counterbalanced against modern intolerance among movements such as Afghanistan’s
Taliban, Palestine’s Hamas, and Lebanon’s Hezbollah. Numerous examples exist of
political and communal violence waged in the name of Islam. Overt official repression has
also been imposed in the name of the Islamic faith, as in Saudi Arabia’s policy of
relegating women to second-class status.
Modern religious extremism is arguably rooted in faith-based natural law. Natural law is a philosophical
“higher law” that is theoretically discoverable through human reason and references to moral traditions
and religious texts. In fact, most religious texts have passages that can be selectively interpreted to
encourage extremist intolerance. To religious extremists, it is God’s law that has been revealed to—and
properly interpreted by—the extremist movement.
Discuss, from YOUR perspective your answers to these questions in an essay:
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Is faith-motivated activism a constructive force for change?
At what point does the character of faith-motivated activism become extremist and terrorist?
Does faith-based natural law justify acts of violence?
Why do religious traditions that supposedly promote peace, justice, and rewards for spiritual
devotion have so many followers who piously engage in violence, repression, and intolerance?
Explain how Saint Leo’s core value of Respect is important to understanding the diversity of
religious thought throughout the world.
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