Expert answer:Week 5 Problem Set Correlation and Regression Tech
Solved by verified expert:Locate the data set “Bank.sav” and open it with SPSS. Follow the steps in section 10.15 Learning Activity as written. Answer questions 1-3 in the activity based on your observations of the SPSS output.Type your answers into a Word document. Copy and paste the full SPSS output including any supporting graphs and tables directly from SPSS into the Word document for submission to the instructor. The SPSS output must be submitted with the problem set answers in order to receive full credit for the assignment.Locate the data set “Census.sav” and open it with SPSS. Follow the steps in section 11.16 Learning Activity as written. Answer questions 1, 2, 3, and 5 in the activity based on your observations of the SPSS output. Type your answers into a Word document. Copy and paste the full SPSS output including any supporting graphs and tables directly from SPSS into the Word document for submission to the instructor. The SPSS output must be submitted with the problem set answers in order to receive full credit for the assignment.
res866.7p5cl_introduction_to_statistical_analysis_using_ibm_spss_statistics__1_.pdf
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Introduction to Statistical
Analysis Using IBM SPSS
Statistics
Student Guide
Course Code: 0G517
ERC 1.0
Introduction to Statistical Analysis Using IBM
SPSS Statistics
Licensed Materials – Property of IBM
© Copyright IBM Corp. 2010
0G517
Published October 2010
US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use,
duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP
Schedule Contract with IBM Corp.
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SPSS, SamplePower, and PASW are trademarks
of SPSS Inc., an IBM Company, registered in
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents
LESSON 0: COURSE INTRODUCTION ………………………………………….. 0-1
0.1 INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 0-1
0.2 COURSE OBJECTIVES ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 0-1
0.3 ABOUT SPSS ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 0-1
0.4 SUPPORTING MATERIALS ……………………………………………………………………………………… 0-2
0.5 COURSE ASSUMPTIONS ………………………………………………………………………………………… 0-2
LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICAL ANALYSIS …………. 1-1
1.1 OBJECTIVES ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1-1
1.2 INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1-1
1.3 BASIC STEPS OF THE RESEARCH PROCESS ………………………………………………………………. 1-1
1.4 POPULATIONS AND SAMPLES ………………………………………………………………………………… 1-3
1.5 RESEARCH DESIGN ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1-3
1.6 INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT VARIABLES …………………………………………………………… 1-4
1.7 NOTE ABOUT DEFAULT STARTUP FOLDER AND VARIABLE DISPLAY IN DIALOG BOXES .. 1-4
1.8 LESSON SUMMARY ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1-5
1.9 LEARNING ACTIVITY ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 1-6
LESSON 2: UNDERSTANDING DATA DISTRIBUTIONS – THEORY2-1
2.1 OBJECTIVES ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2-1
INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2-1
2.2 LEVELS OF MEASUREMENT AND STATISTICAL METHODS …………………………………………. 2-1
2.3 MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY AND DISPERSION …………………………………………….. 2-5
2.4 NORMAL DISTRIBUTIONS ……………………………………………………………………………………… 2-7
2.5 STANDARDIZED (Z-) SCORES ………………………………………………………………………………… 2-8
2.6 REQUESTING STANDARDIZED (Z-) SCORES……………………………………………………………. 2-10
2.7 STANDARDIZED (Z-) SCORES OUTPUT ………………………………………………………………….. 2-10
2.8 PROCEDURE: DESCRIPTIVES FOR STANDARDIZED (Z-) SCORES ……………………………….. 2-10
2.9 DEMONSTRATION: DESCRIPTIVES FOR Z-SCORES…………………………………………………… 2-11
2.10 LESSON SUMMARY …………………………………………………………………………………………… 2-12
2.11 LEARNING ACTIVITY ………………………………………………………………………………………… 2-13
LESSON 3: DATA DISTRIBUTIONS FOR CATEGORICAL
VARIABLES ……………………………………………………………………………….. 3-1
3.1 OBJECTIVES ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3-1
3.2 INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3-1
3.3 USING FREQUENCIES TO SUMMARIZE NOMINAL AND ORDINAL VARIABLES ……………….. 3-2
3.4 REQUESTING FREQUENCIES ………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-3
3.5 FREQUENCIES OUTPUT …………………………………………………………………………………………. 3-3
3.6 PROCEDURE: FREQUENCIES ………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-4
3.7 DEMONSTRATION: FREQUENCIES …………………………………………………………………………… 3-6
3.8 LESSON SUMMARY …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-10
3.9 LEARNING ACTIVITY ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-10
i
INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USING IBM SPSS STATISTICS
LESSON 4: DATA DISTRIBUTIONS FOR SCALE VARIABLES ……… 4-1
4.1 OBJECTIVES …………………………………………………………………………………………………………4-1
4.2 INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………………………………………….4-1
4.3 SUMMARIZING SCALE VARIABLES USING FREQUENCIES……………………………………………4-1
4.4 REQUESTING FREQUENCIES ……………………………………………………………………………………4-2
4.5 FREQUENCIES OUTPUT ………………………………………………………………………………………….4-2
4.6 PROCEDURE: FREQUENCIES ……………………………………………………………………………………4-4
4.7 DEMONSTRATION: FREQUENCIES ……………………………………………………………………………4-6
4.8 SUMMARIZING SCALE VARIABLES USING DESCRIPTIVES………………………………………….4-11
4.9 REQUESTING DESCRIPTIVES …………………………………………………………………………………4-11
4.10 DESCRIPTIVES OUTPUT ………………………………………………………………………………………4-11
4.11 PROCEDURE: DESCRIPTIVES ……………………………………………………………………………….4-11
4.12 DEMONSTRATION: DESCRIPTIVES………………………………………………………………………..4-12
4.13 SUMMARIZING SCALE VARIABLES USING THE EXPLORE PROCEDURE ………………………4-13
4.14 REQUESTING EXPLORE ………………………………………………………………………………………4-13
4.15 PROCEDURE: EXPLORE ………………………………………………………………………………………4-16
4.16 DEMONSTRATION: EXPLORE……………………………………………………………………………….4-19
4.17 LESSON SUMMARY ……………………………………………………………………………………………4-24
4.18 LEARNING ACTIVITY …………………………………………………………………………………………4-25
LESSON 5: MAKING INFERENCES ABOUT POPULATIONS FROM
SAMPLES
……………………………………………………………………………….. 5-1
5.1 OBJECTIVES …………………………………………………………………………………………………………5-1
5.2 INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………………………………………….5-1
5.3 BASICS OF MAKING INFERENCES ABOUT POPULATIONS FROM SAMPLES ……………………..5-1
5.4 INFLUENCE OF SAMPLE SIZE …………………………………………………………………………………..5-2
5.5 HYPOTHESIS TESTING ………………………………………………………………………………………….5-10
5.6 THE NATURE OF PROBABILITY ……………………………………………………………………………..5-11
5.7 TYPES OF STATISTICAL ERRORS ……………………………………………………………………………5-11
5.8 STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE AND PRACTICAL IMPORTANCE ……………………………………..5-12
5.9 LESSON SUMMARY ……………………………………………………………………………………………..5-13
5.10 LEARNING ACTIVITY …………………………………………………………………………………………5-13
LESSON 6: RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CATEGORICAL
VARIABLES ………………………………………………………………………………. 6-1
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
6.1 OBJECTIVES ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6-1
6.2 INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6-1
6.3 CROSSTABS…………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6-2
6.4 CROSSTABS ASSUMPTIONS……………………………………………………………………………………. 6-3
6.5 REQUESTING CROSSTABS ……………………………………………………………………………………… 6-3
6.6 CROSSTABS OUTPUT ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 6-3
6.7 PROCEDURE: CROSSTABS ……………………………………………………………………………………… 6-4
6.8 EXAMPLE: CROSSTABS …………………………………………………………………………………………. 6-5
6.9 CHI-SQUARE TEST ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6-7
6.10 REQUESTING THE CHI-SQUARE TEST ……………………………………………………………………. 6-8
6.11 CHI-SQUARE OUTPUT…………………………………………………………………………………………. 6-8
6.12 PROCEDURE: CHI-SQUARE TEST ………………………………………………………………………….. 6-9
6.13 EXAMPLE: CHI-SQUARE TEST ……………………………………………………………………………. 6-10
6.14 CLUSTERED BAR CHART …………………………………………………………………………………… 6-11
6.15 REQUESTING A CLUSTERED BAR CHART WITH CHART BUILDER ……………………………. 6-12
6.16 CLUSTERED BAR CHART FROM CHART BUILDER OUTPUT …………………………………….. 6-12
6.17 PROCEDURE: CLUSTERED BAR CHART WITH CHART BUILDER ………………………………. 6-13
6.18 EXAMPLE: CLUSTERED BAR CHART WITH CHART BUILDER ………………………………….. 6-15
6.19 ADDING A CONTROL VARIABLE …………………………………………………………………………. 6-16
6.20 REQUESTING A CONTROL VARIABLE ………………………………………………………………….. 6-17
6.21 CONTROL VARIABLE OUTPUT ……………………………………………………………………………. 6-17
6.22 PROCEDURE: ADDING A CONTROL VARIABLE ……………………………………………………… 6-18
6.23 EXAMPLE: ADDING A CONTROL VARIABLE …………………………………………………………. 6-19
6.24 EXTENSIONS: BEYOND CROSSTABS ……………………………………………………………………. 6-22
6.25 ASSOCIATION MEASURES………………………………………………………………………………….. 6-23
6.26 LESSON SUMMARY …………………………………………………………………………………………… 6-23
6.27 LEARNING ACTIVITY ………………………………………………………………………………………… 6-24
LESSON 7: THE INDEPENDENT- SAMPLES T TEST …………………….. 7-1
7.1 OBJECTIVES ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7-1
7.2 INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7-1
7.3 THE INDEPENDENT-SAMPLES T TEST …………………………………………………………………….. 7-1
7.4 INDEPENDENT-SAMPLES T TEST ASSUMPTIONS ………………………………………………………. 7-2
7.5 REQUESTING THE INDEPENDENT-SAMPLES T TEST ………………………………………………….. 7-2
7.6 INDEPENDENT-SAMPLES T TEST OUTPUT ……………………………………………………………….. 7-3
7.7 PROCEDURE: INDEPENDENT-SAMPLES T TEST ………………………………………………………… 7-5
7.8 DEMONSTRATION: INDEPENDENT-SAMPLES T TEST…………………………………………………. 7-6
7.9 ERROR BAR CHART ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 7-10
7.10 REQUESTING AN ERROR BAR CHART WITH CHART BUILDER …………………………………. 7-11
7.11 ERROR BAR CHART OUTPUT ……………………………………………………………………………… 7-11
7.12 DEMONSTRATION: ERROR BAR CHART WITH CHART BUILDER ……………………………… 7-12
7.13 LESSON SUMMARY …………………………………………………………………………………………… 7-14
7.14 LEARNING ACTIVITY ………………………………………………………………………………………… 7-14
LESSON 8: THE PAIRED-SAMPLES T TEST …………………………………. 8-1
iii
INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USING IBM SPSS STATISTICS
8.1 OBJECTIVES …………………………………………………………………………………………………………8-1
8.2 INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………………………………………….8-1
8.3 THE PAIRED-SAMPLES T TEST ………………………………………………………………………………..8-1
8.4 ASSUMPTIONS FOR THE PAIRED-SAMPLES T TEST …………………………………………………….8-2
8.5 REQUESTING A PAIRED-SAMPLES T TEST ………………………………………………………………..8-3
8.6 PAIRED-SAMPLES T TEST OUTPUT ………………………………………………………………………….8-3
8.7 PROCEDURE: PAIRED-SAMPLES T TEST……………………………………………………………………8-4
8.8 DEMONSTRATION: PAIRED-SAMPLES T TEST ……………………………………………………………8-4
8.9 LESSON SUMMARY ……………………………………………………………………………………………….8-6
8.10 LEARNING ACTIVITY …………………………………………………………………………………………..8-6
LESSON 9: ONE-WAY ANOVA ……………………………………………………… 9-1
9.1 OBJECTIVES …………………………………………………………………………………………………………9-1
9.2 INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………………………………………….9-1
9.3 ONE-WAY ANOVA ………………………………………………………………………………………………..9-1
9.4 ASSUMPTIONS OF ONE-WAY ANOVA …………………………………………………………………….9-2
9.5 REQUESTING ONE-WAY ANOVA …………………………………………………………………………..9-2
9.6 ONE-WAY ANOVA OUTPUT ………………………………………………………………………………….9-3
9.7 PROCEDURE: ONE-WAY ANOVA …………………………………………………………………………..9-4
9.8 DEMONSTRATION: ONE-WAY ANOVA …………………………………………………………………..9-6
9.9 POST HOC TESTS WITH A ONE-WAY ANOVA ………………………………………………………….9-8
9.10 REQUESTING POST HOC TESTS WITH A ONE-WAY ANOVA …………………………………….9-9
9.11 POST HOC TESTS OUTPUT…………………………………………………………………………………….9-9
9.12 PROCEDURE: POST HOC TESTS WITH A ONE-WAY ANOVA……………………………………9-10
9.13 DEMONSTRATION: POST HOC TESTS WITH A ONE-WAY ANOVA ……………………………9-12
9.14 ERROR BAR CHART WITH CHART BUILDER ………………………………………………………….9-14
9.15 REQUESTING AN ERROR BAR CHART WITH CHART BUILDER ………………………………….9-14
9.16 ERROR BAR CHART OUTPUT ………………………………………………………………………………9-14
9.17 PROCEDURE: ERROR BAR CHART WITH CHART BUILDER ……………………………………….9-15
9.18 DEMONSTRATION: ERROR BAR CHART WITH CHART BUILDER ……………………………….9-16
9.19 LESSON SUMMARY ……………………………………………………………………………………………9-18
9.20 LEARNING ACTIVITY …………………………………………………………………………………………9-18
LESSON 10: BIVARIATE PLOTS AND CORRELATIONS FOR SCALE
VARIABLES ……………………………………………………………………………… 10-1
10.1 OBJECTIVES ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..10-1
10.2 INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………………………………………10-1
10.3 SCATTERPLOTS …………………………………………………………………………………………………10-1
10.4 REQUESTING A SCATTERPLOT …………………………………………………………………………….10-2
10.5 SCATTERPLOT OUTPUT ………………………………………………………………………………………10-3
10.6 PROCEDURE: SCATTERPLOT ……………………………………………………………………………….10-3
10.7 DEMONSTRATION: SCATTERPLOT ………………………………………………………………………..10-4
10.8 ADDING A BEST FIT STRAIGHT LINE TO THE SCATTERPLOT ……………………………………10-5
10.9 PEARSON CORRELATION COE …
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