Expert answer:Throughout the years, to what extent have hybrid a
Solved by verified expert:Project 2 is a 1000 word literature review arguing that a scholarly conversation on a topic has changed—or has not changed—over a period of time. This project uses at least four sources, two of which must be published between 2000 and 2010, and two of which must be published between 2011 and 2017. Project 2 is a Global Citizens Assignment that conforms to Learning Outcomes objectives D, E, and F. The intermediate draft should be 1,000 word literature review that argues how a scholarly conversation about your chosen topic has changed—or not changed—over a period of time, using two sources published between 2000 and 2010 and two sources published between 2011 and 2016. You should integrate summarized, paraphrased, and quoted materials from your four sources to demonstrate your understanding and provide support for your thesis. I need my 4 attached sources to be used, however, if there is any problem with any source and it needs to be change, text me. Format is MLA research question and thesis should be stated clearly like in the attached document.
project_2_early_2.docx
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Al-maskari1
Yahya Al-maskari
ENC1101
Anastasia Khawaja
Oct 13, 2017
Project 2 Early Draft
Introduction:
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Electric and hybrid cars appeared in the middle of the 19th century. This type of cars
consumes electricity unlike the normal cars which consumes gas.
•
Most people believe that electric and hybrid cars are more expensive than gas powered
cars.
•
Research question: throughout the years, to what extent have hybrid and electric cars
immproved?
•
Thesis: Due to the innovations through the years, electric and hybrid cars improved so
much, and became better than the normal cars.
Body 1: Benefits of owning electrical powered cars.
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These days many countries provide free parking spots for electric cars.
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Privileges of using both carpooling lines, bus and taxis lines.
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Overall, electric and hybrid cars are less expensive than normal cars, because of some tax
exceptions and free charge stations.
Quote: introduced in other European and non-European countries. The variety of incentives as
push and pull measures is broad: tax exceptions, privileges (free parking, using bus and taxi
Al-maskari2
lanes, carpooling lanes,1 etc.), direct purchase subsidy, introduction of CO2- free zones are the
most frequently discussed” (Rudolph).
Quote: “You might think cars with low carbon emissions are expensive. Think again. A newly
published study by MIT researchers shows that when operating and maintenance costs are
included in a vehicle’s price, autos emitting less carbon are among the market’s least expensive
options, on a per-mile basis” (Dizikes).
Body 2: Past of electric and hybrid cars.
•
Electric and hybrid cars Golden age
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Electric and hybrid automobiles as taxis in New York and Paris Before 1900
Quote: “Taxi fleets in major cities were obvious candidates. The taxi companies maintained the
batteries in their common garages and the daily distances travelled by the ‘‘cabs’’ were well
within the battery range. Thriving businesses were set up in London, New York and Paris before
1900” (Høyer).
•
Electric powered vehicles during wars.
Quote: “Whole municipal fleets of electric vehicles were used for street cleaning and garbage
collection, and many merchants had their own private fleets of electric vans for retail and goods
deliveries. England for instance had more than 1000 electric trucks in these years. The
infrastructure was also developed. Birmingham district is known to have had seven charging
stations only in the city area, and more than twenty in the surrounding district” (Høyer).
Body 3: The future of hybrid and electric automobiles.
Al-maskari3
•
Many countries sat plans to increase the number of the electric powered cars on its roads
in the future, such as Germany.
Quote: “In 2009. With this scheme, the government set the ambitious target of ‘one million
electric cars on German roads by 2020” (Rudolph).
•
This type of cars is a step further to stop climate change and the negative environment
impact on the environment. Alleviate the dependence on fuel
Quote: “The hybrids of today are produced by the major world car manufacturers of petrol and
diesel cars. They are mostly produced to respond to the environmental problems caused by ICE
engines; emissions of climate gases, and air pollution and noise in urban areas” (Høyer).
•
Continues researches on this type of cars, and creating new technologies such as new
type of batteries, will cause a reduction in these cars prices.
Conclusion:
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The paragraph will include restatement of thesis.
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Summary of major points (each body paragraph idea).
•
Final thoughts and restating answer of the research question.
References:
Dizikes, Peter. Study: Low-Emissions Vehicles Are Less Expensive Overall. MIT News Office,
2016. Web. 9 Oct. 2017. < http://news.mit.edu/2016/study-finds-low-emissions-vehiclesless-expensive-overall-0927>.
Høyer, Karl Georg. The History Of Alternative Fuels In Transportation: The Case Of Electric
And Hybrid Cars. 2007. Web. 9 Oct. 2017.< https://ac.els-cdn.com/S0957178707000768/1-
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s2.0-S0957178707000768-main.pdf?_tid=9bb7543c-ad35-11e7-9e5b00000aab0f27&acdnat=1507583322_5236db6acc39ace02f4c09315deba4a3>.
Morales Udaeta, Miguel Edgar et al. Electric Vehicles Analysis Inside Electric Mobility Looking
For Energy Efficient And Sustainable Metropolis. Open Journal of Energy Efficiency, 2015.
Web. 9 Oct. 2017. < http://file.scirp.org/pdf/OJEE_2015022816150070.pdf>.
Rudolph, Christian. How May Incentives For Electric Cars Affect Purchase Decisions?. 2016.
Web. 9 Oct. 2017.< https://ac-els-cdn-com.ezproxy.lib.usf.edu/S0967070X16300877/1s2.0-S0967070X16300877-main.pdf?_tid=d775509a-ad36-11e7-999a00000aacb362&acdnat=1507583851_91d64b35cb8b9fb503a862220e24822e>.
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