Expert answer:the way women are protrayed in film, false narrati
Solved by verified expert:the way women are portrayed in film create a disparity in gender roles and are objectified females gives a cause to false narrative about the effect of sexuality on gender rules. what is the false narrative ( at least three ) MLA style, sample is attached. and I need thesis statements on different paper for me.
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Your Name
Mass Media
Professor Linda Strelluf
November 1 2017
The News Media: Inventing reality
It is impossible to underestimate the impact of
Modern Mass Media on every single person, and a society as
a whole. For many centuries, starting with the invention of
first printing machine, public opinion was extensively
exposed to the influence of mass media. But who influences
mass media? Ideally, mass media should be an independent
body, whose main function is to reflect the reality, and
provide people with new information, concerning economical,
political and cultural aspects of life. Mass media is
seeking to be a persuader rather than an information
provider by promoting specific agendas instead of following
the purpose it was intended to serve, to give people
objective information. All of this is done in order to
create new reality, to “invent” the correct reality for
people.
It is well-known that by means of mass media people’s
behavior and beliefs can be adapted to the goals of certain
individuals or organizations. Although, the dramatic effect
of mass media may seem small at the first sight, because it
is a long slow process of adding up necessary information
in order to modify public opinion. With the invention of
the Internet the interaction between public opinion and
mass media have become even stronger; hence, the influence
on public opinion has also become more intense.
We all know that news programs on TV provide us
with the current events going on worldwide; however, it is
already a fact that the same events are interpreted and
shown differently in different countries. Before the news
can be shown on TV they are altered in order to satisfy
somebody’s needs. Thus, it is possible to say, that a
process of “inventing reality” does really exists.
Who and what influences modern mass media and takes part in
the process of “inventing of reality” will be discussed
further in the study.
In the book Inventing Reality by Michael Parenti,
the author gives the
definition of mass media as “weapon”
that can be used to protect people and against them
[Parenti, 53]. He exposes the dissimulation of the absence
of censorship of mass communication media, and the
prevalence of right forces in the creation of news today.
Parenti also convinces the readers that the entire
mass media is serving the interests of political and
corporate leaders, rather than the interests of average
people, whom it should have served indeed. The
author is convinced that modern mass media is misleading
public opinion and shifts it in the necessary direction.
Actually, mass media should be a mirror of reality,
Reflecting objectively and independently the given
information. Obviously it is not so, and there are multiple
factors influencing the process of reflecting information,
and the rate of influence of certain factors varies in
accordance with the alteration of information. Mass media
tries to control people’s mind, thus it doesn’t need
independent people. In “Understanding
Power: The Indispensable Chomsky”, the authors of the book
write that mass media together
with educational system
“weeds out people who are too independent, and who
think for themselves, and who don’t know how to be
submissive, and so on – because they’re dysfunctional to
the institutions” [Mitchell & Schoeffel,39).
According to Chomsky, people cannot use their brains while
working for mass media, because they should be submissive,
rather than independent.
There are many political and economic factors that
exert corrupt influence on mass media. Money as a source of
power has a great impact on mass media. When a certain TV
company is profit-oriented and is paid money to attract as
much people as possible, it will do its best to attract the
audience by fair means of foul. The owners and top managers
of mass media companies may be then referred as an
authoritative body, which is equal to higher political
or economic bodies. It is also considered that press lords,
such as Rupert Merdock in Great Britain or Conrad Black in
Canada have a full control over the content of the news,
and show in their press mainly the conservative views.
Mass media is influenced by commercial activities of some
of the corporations and businesses. Commercially-oriented
mass media is to attract as large audience as possible to
gain profits for advertising account. Thus, the
information given in the news should be interesting for the
audience. The presence of such commercial restrictions
evidences that the market can bring in rather effective
censorship into mass media. As a result, commercial mass
media is characterized by certain obstacles faced while
reflecting some radical or progressive opinions. However,
other researchers believe that mass media
reflects not all variety of views, but only the views of
the representatives of institutional authority:
politicians, governmental officials, economic leaders
and etc. This concept assumes that the authorities
determine general set of matters, which should be discussed
by the media, outlines the main principles of perceiving
the reality and determines the rate of possible digressions
in views.
Another important view on what might influence mass
media is the influence of ideology on the reflection of
reality. As many researchers believe, ideology determines
all standards of the production of news:
professional criteria, the value of information, and
especially the rate of
“objectiveness”.
According to the authors of the book “Mass
Communication in Canada” Rowland Lorimer and Mike Gasher
The nature of mass media has changed due to the growing
popularity of the Internet and its applications. The
Internet is now
used in all spheres of life; however, its
usage in mass communication is probably most extensive. By
means of the Internet people are able to receive
and distribute information, which of course has a dramatic
effect on mass media as well as society in a whole. To
prove this Lorimer and Gasher writes
“transmission of
messages made by many is far surpassing the production and
distribution of a limited set of products made by a few …”
[Lorimer & Gasher,2]. Thus, it is necessary to emphasize,
that the advent of the Internet into Canadian mass
communication has changed the roles and functions performed
by all mass media organization and the
public.
As it has been mentioned above, mass media
influences vast mass people, while it is influenced by a
certain group of people who own some sort of power.
Politicians, owners of corporations, millionaires
influence the quantity and quality of reality that if been
reflected by mass media, thus making the latter “invent the
reality”. What is the purpose of doing that? This purpose
is well-described in the book by George Ritzer “The
McDonaldization of Society.”
The author treats McDonald’s as the result of bureaucracy
influencing the society – the same bureaucracy, which
effects mass communication worldwide.
From the viewpoint
of Ritzer, managers of McDonald’s aim at gaining full
control of their employees, and for this reason they hire
young people, who maybe more easily influenced and
controlled than adults [Ritzer,5].
Having spoken about modern mass media, and the
factors which influence the process of reflecting the
reality it is necessary to make a conclusion.
The main function of mass media, and news media in
Particular, should be just the reflection of reality,
without any interpretations, adaptations and other means
of misleading the people. With the development of such
sciences as psychology and political science, politicians
and other authoritative individuals have learned how to
control people’s minds by means of media.
Though, a lot of states claim to be democratic and have the
freedom of speech, censorship is still being exercised
there. That’s why the same events are reflected differently
in different countries. This is done in order to satisfy
the interests of governmental officials, who strive to gain
as much power over people as possible. And it seems
natural, because it is what government was created for – to
rule the people. However, it’s not politically correct,
when a country is democratic, but implements undemocratic
measures. All of this is done in order to create new
reality, to “invent” the correct reality for people.
List of Works Cited
Fan, David P. “Predictions of Public Opinion from the Mass
Media: Computer Analysis and Mathematical
Modelling. Greenwood Press, 1988
Lorimer, Rowland and Gasher, Mike, Mass Communication in
Canada, 4th ed. Toronto: Oxford University Press,
(2001)
Mitchell, Peter R. Schoeffel, John Understanding Power: The
Indispensable Chomsky, Pearson.
Parenti, Michael. 1986. Inventing Reality: The Politics of
the Mass Media. New York: St. Martin Press
Ritzer, George, The McDonaldization of Society, Thousand
Oaks, CA: Pine Forge Press, 1996
…
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