Expert answer:policy brief

Solved by verified expert:This outline guid you for the policy brief. However, this assignment is the literature review , we already did it but my professor was not satisfy for our work , I am attached my professor’s feedback for you to review it. we need you to add letreture review add more pages anymore resources . Correct the references page. I atached a document outline the literature review to serve as a tool/guide.thanks
hep___policy_brief_presentation_ppt.pptx

hep___writing_a_literature_review_.pdf

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
• EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
• CONTEXT AND IMPORTANCE OF THE PROBLEM
• CRITIQUE OF POLICY OPTIONS
• POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
• 1. A DESCRIPTION OF THE PROBLEM ADDRESSED;
• 2. A STATEMENT ON WHY THE CURRENT APPROACH/POLICY OPTION NEEDS TO BE CHANGED;
• 3. YOUR RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ACTION.
CONTEXT AND IMPORTANCE OF THE
PROBLEM
CONTEXT AND IMPORTANCE OF THE
PROBLEM
• 1. A CLEAR STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM OR ISSUE IN FOCUS.
• 2. A SHORT OVERVIEW OF THE ROOT CAUSES OF THE PROBLEM
• 3. A CLEAR STATEMENT OF THE POLICY IMPLICATIONS OF THE PROBLEM THAT CLEARLY ESTABLISHES THE
CURRENT IMPORTANCE AND POLICY RELEVANCE OF THE ISSUE.
CRITIQUE OF POLICY OPTIONS
CRITIQUE OF POLICY OPTIONS
• 1. A SHORT OVERVIEW OF THE POLICY OPTION(S) IN FOCUS
• 2. AN ARGUMENT ILLUSTRATING WHY AND HOW THE CURRENT OR PROPOSED APPROACH IS FAILING. IT
IS IMPORTANT FOR THE SAKE OF CREDIBILITY TO RECOGNIZE ALL OPINIONS IN THE DEBATE OF THE ISSUE.
POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS
POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS
• 1. A BREAKDOWN OF THE SPECIFIC PRACTICAL STEPS OR MEASURES THAT NEED TO BE IMPLEMENTED
• 2. SOMETIMES INCLUDES A CLOSING PARAGRAPH RE-EMPHASIZING THE IMPORTANCE OF ACTION.
ESTABLISH A GUIDING RESEARCH QUESTION
• This is for you as a researcher to guide your thinking and to help frame your literature
review. The sections of your literature review will provide answer/s to the overarching
research question.
• Example Research Questions:
• What is the importance of affirmative action to help improve access to higher education for
racially marginalized populations?
• What are some of the practices related to current financial aid practices that prohibit access
to higher education for low-income and/or middle-class communities?
WRITING A LITERATURE REVIEW
• Summarize, analyze, and organize the various responses found in the scholarly
conversation regarding the question
• Explain why different scholars provide different answers for the same or related
questions (i.e. accounts for the debate/tension in the literature)
As a result, the literature review does more than report conclusions of researchers; it accounts for
HOW those conclusions are reached.
THE LITERATURE
SELECT RELIABLE INFORMATION SOURCES FROM MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES:
• Scholarly articles
• Scholarly articles
• Books
• Book chapters
• Census Data
• Federal and state
documents/reports
STEPS TO A THOROUGH LITERATURE REVIEW
STEP ONE
• Organize your sources by detecting a pattern that helps you explain why one group of
sources comes up with one answer and another group comes up with another answer.
• At this step you will begin developing headings and subheadings for your literature
review.
STEP TWO
• Summarize the different groups of sources in terms of how they address the question:
evidence, critical concepts, arguments presented, etc. do they employ?
• What are the agreements and areas of dissent across sources?
SUMMARIZE EACH SOURCE
Summarize each source to:
• Recap the important and most relevant information found in
each source
• Identify variables
• Identify context/ setting
• Identify theories
• Identify findings
STEP THREE
• Analyze the content of these sources in terms of the answer they provide to your
central question or in terms of the question they raise (which may be slightly different
from your question).
• Show how they offer important insights.
• Show how they neglect particular areas. At this stage you have the opportunity to insert
your critical analysis and to identify important areas that were not addressed.
THE REVIEW
• Synthesize: compare themes, methods, controversies, and conclusions among the authors;
make clear how the studies related to one another and to your thesis/research
questions/purpose.
• Integrate the literature – enter into the on-going scholarly conversation with your own
narrative about how these perspectives, findings, conclusions, fit together with one
another – and – with your research question/s.
SYNTHESIZE THE LITERATURE
• Identify similarities and differences
• Trace the intellectual progression of the field, including major debates
• Reflect upon the importance of the body of literature for your research
• Evaluate the sources and advise the reader on the most pertinent or relevant
APA
• All of the sources cited throughout the literature review should be listed on your
reference page.
• In addition to your APA manual, here’s a useful link that may be of assistance:
https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/
…
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