Expert answer:Middle Eastern fossil fuels and its usage
Solved by verified expert:Hello,This project is kind related to a pervious project. So, I will upload the previous one just to look at it and have a better idea about the research. Do not use any information from the previous project. For this project I will write my thesis statement in the bottom. Find sex sources that supports my thesis, four of them has to be peer-reviewed.OverviewProject 3 consists of a 1000-1200 word academic essay that supports an arguable claim through background/context on the topic, evidence, counterarguments, and conclusion that offers the reader something for further thought. Project 3 is a Global Citizens Assignment that conforms to Learning Outcomes objectives D, E, and F.Project Description/AssignmentStudents should use research as support for their thesis and a way of acknowledging and incorporating counterclaims. Students should incorporate a minimum of six sources, at least four of which need to be peer-reviewed.Part IAn organized outline that contains all the points with deep information ( 2 pages )Part IIThe EssayThe final draft of the essay should be 1,000-1,200-words and include a thesis, all major points, evidence to support these points (including in-text citations), counterclaims, and a Works Cited pageYou will generate an arguable claim and write a 1,000-1,200 word academic essay to support that claim, based on the following requirements:present your arguable claim in your thesisprovide background on the topicuse evidence to support your claimexplain counterarguments and refute them to support your claim (Two counterarguments)offer a conclusion that underscores why your argument matters within a larger contextMy Thesis statement for the essay: Even though the Middle Eastern fossil fuels contribute the most in causing global warming, the countries of Middle Eastern area are still depend on the fossil fuels to raise their economy and not trying to find a more efficient energy source.
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Middle Eastern Fossil Fuels Influences on Global Warming
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The exhaustion of the ozone layer and global warming are distinct consequences of climate
change caused by impurities in the air. Global warming is a state of having the electromagnetic
energy from the sun absorbed on Earth (Drake 58). This energy is then radiated outward after being
turned into infrared energy (Drake 58). The ozone layer is responsible for safeguarding life on
earth through its absorption of ultraviolet radiation whose source is the sun (Plitnik). Therefore,
the impurities that were caused by the undertakings of humans destroyed this layer and increased
the risk of conditions like skin cancer, cataracts, and the damage of the immune system (Plitnik).
Fossil fuels are explained as elements that are organic and flammable (Plitnik). They comprise of
gas, oil, and coal which originated in the previous life and were stored in the nations of the Middle
East. The actions of these nations while using fossil fuels contributed significantly to climate
change and the damage of the ozone layer over the years (Watts 91). Per Plitnik, “The main culprit
responsible for anthropogenic global warming [is] carbon dioxide which reduced the most by fossil
fuels.” Due to excessive carbon dioxide originating from the fossil fuels of the Middle East, the
atmosphere experienced numerous effects and changes between the 20th century and the early 21st
century.
Fossil fuels were mostly extracted from the Middle East as well as North Africa in the 20th
century (Watts 30). These were the regions that produced the highest amounts of fuel. According
to Casper, since the 20th century began, the burning of fossil fuels produced high amounts of carbon
dioxide into the air, which affected the ozone layer and also caused global warming (80). The
region of the Middle East was usually affected the most when it came to climate change (Casper
123). This was due to the status of being a desert region. The high presence of fossil fuel facilitated
its burning which caused the release of carbon dioxide in the air and affected global warming in
the 20th century (Casper 127).
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In the beginning of the 21st century, the region had companies that utilized coal and natural
gas without considering the number of emissions they released into the air (Watts 37). This was
because they were not regulated by the government. Therefore, carbon dioxide and other toxic
gases continued to be emitted (Watts 37). This lead to an increase in temperature which
significantly affected the region due to its aspect of being a desert zone. Climate also changed in
the 21st century as the rainfall patterns have affected by the temperature increase. Thus, the region
experienced consistent drought in areas that were not entirely desert zones in the 21st century
(Watts 86). This hence caused food shortages in the entire region (Watts 89).
Changes in the impacts of fossil fuels toward causing Global Warming have become more
apparent during the 21st century. According to Casper, “One noteworthy contribution to
atmospheric methane—a serious global warming gas in the atmosphere—is, surprisingly, from
livestock” (62). In the Middle East, the extraction of oil has contributed to global warming as well
as the damage of the ozone layer. This is because the drilling of natural gas has facilitated the
emission of methane gas which Casper mentioned. This is another gas that has contributed in
causing global warming since 2010, much like carbon dioxide. It is actually more intoxicating
compared to carbon dioxide when it is released to the atmosphere (Casper 63). Within a period of
twenty years, methane has the capacity to trap heat eighty-six times compared to carbon dioxide
(Casper 66). This has made the region which produces natural gas experience significant effects
of global warming more than other regions since 2010 (Casper 90).
The high drilling of oil in the Middle East in the 21st century has led to the emission of
methane gas. However, the gas has been captured and utilized as a source of energy with the new
technology that has been created within the second decade of the 21st century. Before that, the
region had tended to either burn or release the gas when drilling their main focus: oil. The released
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methane has participated significantly in causing global warming which has become a severe
safety vulnerability in the 21st century (Casper 41). So, the burning of methane has caused the
release of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere in the last decade. This has reduced the rate of global
warming compared to methane gas, but has not eliminated the seriousness caused by this condition.
According to Drake, the burning of fossil fuels has also facilitated the emission of nitrogen
oxides which are destroying the ozone layer by forming smog (266). This is usually dangerous to
the health of the public as it has increased the chances of acquiring prolonged respiratory illnesses,
bronchitis, and asthma in the 21st century (Drake 363). The emission of this gas in the nations that
belong to the Middle East has usually been blamed on the use of transport that has been enhanced
by fossil fuel in the 21st century (Drake 363). This has become a common practice whereby the
transportation machinery is fueled by fossil fuel due to its aspect of being readily available (Drake
380). Acid rain has also become a consequence of excessive nitrogen oxide in the atmosphere in
the 21st century. This is because it is caused by the mixture of nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide
with oxygen, water, and additional chemicals present in the atmosphere (Drake 380).
The use of machinery driven by fossil fuels in the Middle East has also lead to the emission
of significant amounts of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide in the last decade (Plitnik). This
has become dangerous to the ozone layer in the last decade due to the way these gases damage it
by making perforations. The ozone has then reduced its capacity to safeguard the Earth from
ultraviolet energy (Plitnik). This hence has caused skin cancer which has increased in the Middle
East in the 21st century (Plitnik). This is also a vulnerable region where significant effects of global
warming can be felt. Additionally, temperature has tended to harm the public during the 21st
century (Drake 363). The region does not have glaciers, hence global warming cannot be blamed
for the melting of the glaciers in the region, but in other parts of the world.
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Due to the excessive carbon dioxide originating from the fossil fuels of the Middle East,
the atmosphere has experienced numerous effects over the years. Moreover, the impacts fossil
fuels have on global warming have changed over the last 50 years by increasing the CO2 in the
atmosphere every year and creating more serious issues, which undeniably increases the risks on
Earth. Furthermore, the Middle East has tended to be affected the most by global warming, the
destruction of the ozone layer for it is a desert zone, and the fossil fuels released from it. People
have become more likely to feel the effects of increased temperatures and heat because of the
damage done to the ozone in the 21st century, which all the researchers have agreed with.
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Works Cited
Casper, J. K. Changing Ecosystems: Effects of Global Warming. New York: Infobase Pub (2010)
Print.
Drake, Frances. Global Warming : The Science of Climate Change. Oxfordshire, England ; New
York : Routledge, 2014, 2014. Web.
Plitnik, George R. “Fossil Fuels and Global Warming.” Salem Press Encyclopedia of Science
(2016) Print.
Watts, Robert G. Global Warming and the Future of the Earth. #1 Vol. San Rafael, Calif.:
Morgan & Claypool Publishers, 2007. Synthesis Lectures on Energy and the
Environment Web.
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