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Exercises
——-
.
Dcl..::rminc and compare the v
01
figural ions.
urnc required for the fo llowing reactor con-
c rnphasis
On
a nd seconc1.
J comple te )
hrec react Y
.
Or
ll rng how to
h.. p lug floW,
11011s ncces.
iJ 111odcling
:!,no<.) Under. n a teria l and (a) One continuous flow ideal c omn ( b) One continuous flow · ·d ' 1e te ly mixed re ac tor 1 • ' ea! plug flow reactor (c) Two contmuous flow ide·ll c 6.2 . · ·d '. omr 1cte ly mixed reac10 ·s·· ·111 se · , 11es ··, : ' 1. 1 ow. cal comple 1e ly mixed reactors in ~cries . · . Du ring .1 che1111ca l reaction th , . . .011 ol. time. . · e concentrat A. WilS. measured lunct1 The observed , .. ·ion of Specie~ . · as a <1t1011 at various t11nc mtc rva ls rs rrc. th, - .concent1 · ~e111ed f, dow. Dctermme ·bemg . re nll>vcd or produced?
c ‘ eac11011 orde r a nd rate constant. k. Is Species A
(d) Fnur cnntinuou .
.
.
s
Time (min)
fl
Concentration of A (mg/L)
()
IO
r
20
JO
40
t he rmollCS
50
6.3
Time (hr)
0
~·ironmenral
6.4
0
Concentration of C (mg/L)
100
80
3.5
50
6.5
26
11.0
IO
The conce ntration of Species D was measured as a !·u ncti_o n of time du_ring a
che m,ca
· I reac1·10n. Its observed concen tra tio n a t vario us lime rntervals ts. presented be low. D e te rmine the reaction order a nd ra te consta nt . k. Is Species D
being re m oved o r produced?
Concenlration of D (mg/L)
0
200
1.0
142
111
2.0
e concen·ies. mass/
es.
-1-0
20
1.0
Time (hr)
4.0
90
77
5.0
67
3.0
6,5
8()
60
11re concentratio n of Species C was meas ured as a fun ctio n o f lime during a
chemical n:action. Its observe d concentration at various time intervals is prescn!L’J belo w. Determin e the reaction order and rate constant. k. Is Species C
being removed or produced?
r ork.
cGraw-Hill.
iflu e nt s ub1.0 million
n e tics, a nd
3Y b e used
perating in
100
d. as
. I
ction the conce n 1ra tion of Species. BBwas m easure
.
unng a chem1ca rea
,
tra tion of Species a t vanous time
.
Th e O bse rved concen
a function of time.
D .
151
15 2
Chapter 6
O.,;ga oad Mod,1;”9 ol Eo,;,o,meorol Sy,rem,
rdcr and ra te
·
.
the n.:actwn o
constant.
.
• .t:, 1 ·d below. Dctt.:r1111ne
d ccd’?
intervals ts rrcS1 n. t: rcmovc·cJ or rro u—-:-:::–:-=~D-k. Is Specics B )cmg
~–. of B (mg/L)
Time (hr)
Conccntrat1on
—!00
()
125
5.0
150
10.0
[75
15.0
200
20.0
6.6
6.7
h”
. I , mpound is
. 30 days under an aero 1c condition
ff the half-life of a chem,ca co val-rate constant, k.
.
..
determine the first -order remo
b”ned at a food-process ing factJJty lo
I
Three wastewater streams are. com tment. The flow ra l e a nd PH of each
.
b· logical trca
·
bl
equalize the pH pnor to JO
d · the accompanying ta e. Perform
1
in
·
[H +] so that the”’
of the wastewater streams ·shpresente
h drogen- 1·0 n concentration
nd
a mass halance on flow a stt e Y
be esti”‘1ated. The pH of a solutioo 4
rea?’s
ma~f
pH
of
the
three
combined
the hydrogen-ion coneentratioo
equal lo the nega tive logarithm
(pH == – log [H+J).
Wastewater Stream
6.8
6.9
6.10
Flow (liters per minute)
pH
l
5
5.5
2
20
3
6.5
25
8.5
A sanitary landfill receives
600 ft3 of municipal solid waste 5 days per week at
3
a density of 51JO lbiyd . If the solid waste is compacted to WOO lbiyd3 and the
average depth of each cell is 10 feet, estimate the expected Ii fe of the landfill m
years if25 acres of space are still available ( 1 acre = 43,560 ft 2 ). Draw a materials-balance diagram lo solve the problem.
Perform a materials balance on substrate (S) around a chemostat (completely
mixed reactor without recycle) assuming a first-order re mova l (dS!dt = -kS)
for substrate with a rate-constant k value of 0.5 h- 1• The influent substrate
concentration is 150 mg/L, and 90% removal is desired. D etermine the deten·
tion time in hours for the chemostat, assumi ng steady-state conditions.
Calculate the volume of an ideal plug flow reactor for the following scenario
3
The volumetric flow rate is 6500 m /day and Species A is being removed or
converted according to a first-order reaction as fo llows: dC fdt – – kC,.
where CA is the concentration of Species A and k
900~ d- • A 95%
1
removal or conversion of Species A is required.
~
6.11
A 1000 M:; coal-burning power plant is burning West Virginia bituminous
coal with 8 Yo ash cont en’: The power plant is 33% efficient, with 35% of th< ash settlmg out 111 the finng chamber as bottom a h A · -f· d hematic . . shown be ]ow. Assume 3.5 kWh per pound S . of coal. s1mp 1I le SC dragram is (a) Draw an energy diagram for the fac ·1·ty a d h f heat 11 environment in kJ/s· emitted to the . . n ca 1cu1a te t e rate o (b)) D etermine the rate of coal input t~ the f . .. · 111 kg/day· (c Assummg t hat. the electrostatic preci urnace ita . ' and fficient. calcula te the rate of fly ash · P tor (ESP) 1s 99 01/o e emitted to the a tmosphe re in kg/day. I I ... Purchase answer to see full attachment

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