Expert answer:Business research proposals
Solved by verified expert:I have wrote the introduction part, and I just want to someone can help me write the research design part and conclusion part. I upload all things below, including what I write, the topic, the rubric and the requirement. This is due this Tuesday.
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Introduction and Background
Many years ago, Brian Nuss planted the vineyard block in Napa Valley, and
Twenty Rows Winery was created as an homage to this first vineyard block. The
reason of the name is that 20 hillside vineyard rows from their home vineyard on the
slopes. Twenty Rows Winery has many different types of wine, such as Sauvignon
Blanc, Merlot, Pinot Noir, Chordonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon. In this research
design paper, the Twenty Rows Winery should consider about replacing the traditional
cork closures for their wines with screw-cap closures, and this may affect the sales of
wine.
It is significant for any successful business to know the relationship between
customer acceptance and technology innovators. To check that indeed the wine
industry should consider about screw-cap closures, in the decision making process,
then it is important to know the information which is support that. Next, measuring the
variables is also very crucial.
Many research reports suggest screw-cap closures has more advantages than cork
closures with cheaper price. It can limit oxygen transfer into wine slower, and it can
avoid cork taint. Screw-cap perform well in preserving the quality of wine. Cork
closure is less permeable to oxygen, and it will cause cork taint.（Silva and Julie,
2011).
The other information that Twenty Rows need to know is the customer acceptance
of new closures in the United States. The WBM has a survey named “ Closure Survey
Report ” which can determine market trends in wine bottle closure adoption. In this
survey, the usage of screw-cap closure increased from 5 percent in 2004 to 40 percent in
2017. The customer’s acceptance of closure rate by 1 to 5 (1 is very negative and 5 is
very positive), the cork has a 4.5 score in last 15 years, and the acceptance of screw-cap
closure increased from 2.2 in 2003 to 3.2 in 2017. The acceptance and usage of
screw-cap closure are both increasing every year (Phillips, 2017).
In some regions, such as New Zealand and Australia, there are many successful
examples about replacing the traditional cork closures for their wines with screw-cap
closures (Jan, 2011). These can also give Twenty Rows many experience about how to
promote the new type of closure.
But there is a very negative factor obstruct the decision making process, the
traditional cork closures have lots of loyal consumers. In 2005, 300 U.S. wine
consumers received a survey about the acceptance of different closures. The results
from this survey show the majority of U.S wine consumers still prefer natural cork,
while screw caps have a negative impact on wine purchase intent.(Jeter, 2013). In
their mind, the traditional cork closures are better than screw-cap closures. It can help
wine has better smell. Although this is not a fact, they did not know screw-cap
closures has more advantages than cork closures. And in the same time, this means the
screw- cap closure may lose some customers.
Considering about all advantages from new closure, and some various factors
may affect the sales. It can help Twenty Rows understand why they make these
changes, and it can forbid many problems in future sales. Then, some various
concepts should be considered in this research, such as the price and profit of two
different closures, bad effect of screw-cap closure, promotion of new closure, and
target market’s acceptance. In this research, this business should consider about two
variables, the independent and dependent variables. The values of dependent variables
depend on the values of independent variables, so in this case the dependent variable
is sale, and the independent variable is closure.
Research Plan
In this case, the type of research to be conducted is experimental research.
Experimental research is a scientific research which can explain an unknown
phenomenon. In experimental research, the researcher can use one or more
independent variables, and controls and measures any change in dependent variables,
and then researchers can find the cause and effect relationship. For design of
experimental research, it should include three factors, manipulation, control and
randomization. The manipulation means that researchers should use some
experimental treatments to control independent variables, and then it can measure and
observe the dependent variables. Control means that researchers should use one or
more methods to compare with many control groups. Randomization represents
researches use random sample, and these can make every groups has the same chance
to the experimental group and control group. In this case, it should use the
Pretest-Posttest control method which is a way of fully experimental designs. ( O is
equal to observation, X is equal to an experimental treatment. R is equal to random
selection of respondents, XG is equal to the experimental group and CG is equal to
control group). So this experimental design is like that:
XG
R
O
CG
R
O
X
O
O
Like in this case, the experimental group should be the screw-cup closure, and the
control group should be cork closure.
REFERENCES
Maria A. Silva., & Michel, Julien. (2011). Impact of closures on wine post-bottling
development: a review. Eur Food Res Techno, 233, 905-914
Barwick, Jen., (2011, Dec). Consumer acceptance outweighs price and performance in
closure choice. Australian & New Zealand Grapegrower & Winemaker. 575,
73-76
Rose Jeter., (2013, Dec). The Acceptance and Adoption of Wine Bottle Closures in
the U.S. AAEC Extension Update
Phillips, C. (2017). 2017 Closure Survey Report. Wine Business Monthly, June:
20-27
Business Research Proposals
A research proposal can serve a number of useful purposes during the research process.
However, its basic function is to describe what will be done during the research process
(and why it will be done). Research proposals are assessed to determine the likelihood
that the research will be useable in the specific business decision making context.
An effective research proposal will report on the following phases of the research process:
1) Introduction: The impetus for conducting the research.
2) Background: A discussion of the theories involved and the hypotheses developed
3) A detailed methodology: Exactly what will be done, by whom to generate the data
used for analysis.
4) A specific analysis plan: How, quantitatively, will you know the answer to your
research question?
5) Qualifications, timetable, and the budget.
The following sections provide a more detailed (but not exhaustive) explanation of these
areas.
1. Introduction
This is a statement as to the underlying reasons that prompted the research. The
researcher needs to provide the reader (client, professor) with some level of confidence
that they understand the surrounding issues (e.g., the external and internal
environmental contexts) that raise the question that is to be answered. That involves
an explanation of what is expected to be learned, and why it is of importance (to the
organization).
This section communicates why the research is being undertaken. It will focus around
a problem statement and the resultant research objectives and research questions that
are derived. It should answer the questions: “What is to be learned?” and “Why is it
relevant?” It would also be important at this stage to identify the research to be
conducted as exploratory, descriptive, or causal.
2) Background (Literature review)
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A discussion of what is already known about the subject and any hypotheses that may
have been developed. Depending upon the nature of the research questions asked, the
researcher will need to describe their understanding of the theoretical (and practical)
factors that contribute to the situation (above) that raises the research question. This
will involve a general description of the variables that are believed to contribute to the
issue. (Literature reviews are particularly helpful at this point.)
A thorough discussion of the concepts, indicators, and variables developed should be
presented here, along with any operational definitions.
The theory described should lead to the specific hypotheses that are to be tested by the
research. A hypothesis is an, as of yet, untested belief about the nature of the world.
Business research hypotheses typically fall into two basic categories:
a) Statements about a specific characteristic of a population (or the differences
between the same characteristic in more than one population) and
b) Statements about the relationships between two or more variables within a
population.
Any hypotheses must be testable (through an analysis of quantifiable information).
To be useful in research and analysis, there must be a good (e.g., logical or theoretical)
reason to believe that the hypothesis is true. Otherwise, the research tends to be more
prone to errors (typically Type I errors). Hypotheses must also be quantifiable and
testable if they are to be used for drawing conclusions (i.e., if they are to be tested
statistically). Each research question should suggest at least one hypothesis.
Here are some examples of business hypotheses (in plain language):
More than 75% of our customers comparison shop online before making a
purchase through our website.
The average 401(K) contribution for programmers in our industry is less than
$2,000 per year.
There is a statistically detectable relationship between the age of our customers
and the amount of RAM they expect in the computers they purchase.
Fine dining restaurant customers (at our restaurant) would prefer a table with
chairs but proximity to a fireplace over a booth with no view of a fireplace.
Page | 2
3) A detailed methodology
The most important section of any research proposal is the methodology section. It is
here where the researcher identifies the specific steps that will be taken to collect the
information needed to answer the research questions.
Identify the type of research to be conducted: exploratory, descriptive and/or
causal/experimental (and your logic for your decision).
The research design will:
a) Identify the type of research to be undertaken: exploratory, descriptive, and/or
causal.
b) Define the nature of the information to be collected,
c) Identify the population of interest, the sampling frame, and the sample from which
the data will be collected,
d) Describe the instrument (e.g., questionnaire) to be used to collect the information
(i.e., measure the variables) – including the scales to be used,
e) Outline the fielding technique (the data collection method for administering the
questionnaire), and
f) Explicitly state any known shortcomings of the research design.
When causal/experimental studies are proposed, this section should also define the
experimental design to be used to control threats to internal and external validity. For
complex hypotheses, this section will also include a description of the method by
which subjects will be assigned to the various experimental and control groups.
An effective research design will ensure that the methodology can account for
(identify and measure) the presence of any extraneous variables (e.g., threats to
validity).
4) A specific analysis plan
Since the hypothesis is an explicit, quantifiable statement and the nature (i.e. levels of
measurement) of the data to be collected are known in advance, the statistical analysis
may be determined in advance. As a result, the null hypothesis should be described
along with the specific statistical test to be performed. This process should include the
level of significance (i.e., alpha).
Page | 3
The proposal should include a description of the procedures to be run and, where
appropriate, the nature of the output (e.g., crosstabs) to be produced and delivered
(e.g., crosstabs).
5) Qualifications, timetable & budget
The researcher should also a statement of the ability of the researcher to conduct the
proposed research in a professional, objective manner. Clients would like some
assurance that the researcher is aware of the potential pitfalls that are inherent in
research situations.
The research proposal should also include a timeline indicating the times at which the
various steps will be completed (questionnaire development, fielding, data analysis,
and report writing).
Finally, the proposal should include the budget (fee) for the services to be performed.
The document you submit should be capable of being implemented based upon the
information you have provided. That is, any reasonably competent researcher
should be able to conduct the research you describe without (much) further
reference.
Page | 4
RSCH5700
Research Questions for Term Projects
Fall, 2017
1. The Twenty Rows Winery in Napa Valley California is contemplating replacing the
traditional cork closures for their wines with screwcap closures. They would like to
determine whether or not the increase in wine stability (decrease in “cork taint”) is
offset by a decrease in customer demand due to a lack of acceptance of the new
closures. What does the best available evidence suggest that they do?
Part II – Research Design (20% of course grade, due session #10)
This part of the assignment will consist of a description of primary, applied/empirical, research (e.g.
customer or potential customer surveys) to address the specific information requirements of the
situation. This is a description of “applied” research to be conducted to provide knowledge that
will assist in the decision making for your assigned problem.
You will describe: 1) the specific information to be collected (i.e., the variable(s) to be measured),
2) the relevance of the information to the decision process, and 3) the methodology by which the
information will be collected (the research design). The methodology is where the researcher
identifies the specific steps that will be taken to collect the information needed to answer the
research questions.
The design of an unbiased research methodology is the focus of the second part of this course. It is
imperative that you understand, and can control, the potential sources of bias in a study.
Format:
I. Introduction
An explanation of the decision to be made (or problem solved or issue addressed). An
explanation as to what information will be generated and how that information would be used
to assist in the decision process for the problem assigned. This section should provide a clear
description of the concepts to be studied and the variables that will be measured.
II. Research Plan
A description of the methodology/research plan. (See below)
III. Conclusion
A summary that ties together the sources of information (From both Part I and Part II of this
term assignment) to demonstrate a comprehensive covering of the relevant information. Note:
the conclusion of the paper cannot, for obvious reasons, present the results of your proposed
research. But it should present a summary of how the information to be gained will inform
the decision to be made.
Research Plan:
Identify the type of research to be conducted: exploratory, descriptive and/or causal/experimental
(and your logic for your decision).
The research design will:
a) Define the nature of the information to be collected,
1
b) Identify the population of interest, the sampling frame, and the sample from which the data
will be collected,
c) Describe the instrument (e.g., questionnaire) to be used to collect the information –
including scales to be used,
d) Outline the fielding technique (the data collection method for administering the
questionnaire, incentives, etc.), and
e) Explicitly state any known shortcomings of the research design.
When causal/experimental studies are proposed, this section should also define the experimental
design to be used to control threats to internal and external validity. For complex hypotheses, this
section will also include a description of the method by which subjects will be assigned to the
various experimental and control groups.
2
…
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