Expert answer:AP US History

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MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY OF WAR
ATOMIC FISSION BOMBS
I. PURPOSE OF DEVELOPMENT
The successful development of the Atomic Fission Bomb will provide the United States with a
weapon of tremendous power which should be a decisive factor in winning the present war more
quickly with a saving in American lives and treasure. If the United States continues to lead in the
development of atomic energy weapons, its future will be much safer and the chances of preserving
world peace greatly increased.
L.R. Groves
Major General, U.S. Army
WAR DEPARTMENT
WASHINGTON
26 June 1945
MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY OF WAR:
Many of the scientists who have been working on 8-1 (reference to testing location) have expressed
considerable concern about the future dangers of the development of atomic power. Some are
fearful that no safe system of international control can be established. They, therefore, envisage the
possibility of an armament race that may threaten civilization.
One group of scientists, working in the Chicago Laboratories, urges that we should not make use of
the bomb, so nearly completed, against any enemy country at this time. They feel that to do so might
sacrifice our whole moral position and thus make it more difficult for us to be the leaders in
proposing or enforcing any system of international control designed to make this tremendous force
an influence towards the maintenance of world peace rather than an uncontrollable weapon of war.
George L. Harrison
(Advisor to the Secretary of War)
Using the documents, answer a, b, and c.
a. Briefly explain the point of view about the atomic bomb expressed by the first text excerpt.
b. Briefly explain the point of view about the atomic bomb expressed by the second text
excerpt.
c. Briefly explain ONE event or idea from the period 1939–1945 that could be used to support
or refute the views expressed in the documents.
Your responses:
a.
b.
c.
“In the 1950s this America worried about itself, yet even its anxieties were
products of abundance…. [T]he nation’s problems were no longer a matter
of basic human needs, of food, shelter, and clothing. Now they were seen
as qualitative, a question of learning to live decently amid luxury.
While this discussion was carried on, there existed another America. In it
dwelt somewhere between 40,000,000 and 50,000,000 citizens of this land.
They were poor. They still are.
To be sure, the other America is not impoverished in the same sense as
those poor nations where millions cling to hunger as a defense against
starvation. This country has escaped such extremes. That does not change
the fact that tens of millions of Americans are, at this very moment, maimed
in body and spirit, existing at levels beneath those necessary for human
decency. If these people are not starving, they are hungry, and sometimes
fat with hunger, for that is what cheap foods do. They are without adequate
housing and education and medical care.
The Government has documented what this means to the bodies of the
poor . . . . But even more basic, this poverty twists and deforms the
spirit. The American poor are pessimistic and defeated, and they are
victimized by mental suffering to a degree unknown in Suburbia.”
—Michael Harrington, from The Other America, 1962
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
Using the excerpts, answer a, b, and c.
a Briefly explain the point of view about poverty in America expressed by
the text excerpt.
b Briefly explain the relationship between the chart data and the War on
Poverty.
c Briefly compare the War on Poverty of the 1960s to the New Deal of the
1930s.
Your responses:
A
B
C
…
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