Expert answer:Study Limitations
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limitations_dq_7_edited.doc
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Number 1
Limitations in a study provides an area for researchers to be honest regarding their work, which is a big
responsibility for research integrity. In a recent article on limitations it was stated, “recognition, acknowledgement
and discussion of all potentially important limitations by authors, if presented in an unbiased way, represent a crucial
part of the scientific discourse and progress” (Puhan, Akl, Bryant, Xie, Apolone, & Riet, 2012, pp.3). The article
also discussed the benefits of identifying limitations benefit the research community in long term effects. The
negative effects of identifying limitations could be opening the study p to criticism or the potential to not publish in
journals, or negative image for the researchers (Puhan et al. 2012).
The limitations discussed in an article that was critiqued was identified in a designated aspect of the article.
Limitations identified included small sample size and studying one facility (Copeland & Henry, 2017). Another
interesting limitation discussed was from the sample size identified, the participants were highly educated and
experienced in the emergency department. A limitation could have been seen if less experienced or educated
participants provided responses, to broaden the sample size inclusion (Copeland & Henry, 2017).
Copeland, D. & Henry, M. (2017). Workplace violence and perceptions of safety among
emergency department staff members: Experiences, expectations, tolerance, reporting, and recommendations.
Journal of Trauma Nursing. 24(2): 65-77. Retrieved from:
http://dx.doi.org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1097/JTN.0000000000000269
Puhan, M., Akl, E., Bryant, D., Xie, F., Apolone, G., & Riet, G. (2012). Discussing study limitations in reports of
biomedical studies- the need for more transparency. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 10: 23. Retrieved from:
https://dx.doi.org/10.1186%2F1477-7525-10-23
Number 2
Limitation in a study represents the findings of a study that limit or block the data from further study, results and
publication. Limitations may stop research until other options or solutions are made available. The data needs to be
unbiased, credible and support or disprove the concluding solution to a hypothesis. Sometimes limitations are the
humans using tools and research instruments to obtain the information. Maybe the individuals do not have proper
technique when collecting the data. Other limitations may be a study with too few participants. Subjectivity is
important when reviewing data and theory, this can limit the outcome in a negative way. Generalization of findings
from constructivist inquiries can also limit a study (Polit & Beck 2017).
In the article reviewed, Perceptions of the role of the man in family planning, during pregnancy and childbirth: A
qualitative study with fifteen Nepali men discussed the patriarch role that still exists In Nepal with woman sub
servient to men. The study interviewed 15 Nepali men in an audio taped interview. All 15 participants spoke
English for the interview. The limitations in this study were the participants had to speak English to participate, this
limited the number of males to interview. The interviewer was a female which may have influenced a stronger
dominant response to questions versus having a male interviewer.
Reference
Mattebo, M., Sharma, B., Dahlkvist, E., Molinder, E., & Erlandsson, K. (2016). Perceptions of
the role of the man in family planning, during pregnancy and childbirth: A qualitative
study with fifteen Nepali men. Journal of Asian Midwives, 3(1), 31
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2017). Nursing research: generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice.
Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Number 3
Limitations are factors that may influence the research outcomes if it is not control or limit from the beginning of the
research. Factors such the size and type of the samples, the time limit in successfully completing your research, the
amount of budget allocated for the study, the background of the respondents, the honesty of all responses and so
forth, can all effect the findings. The researchers have a professional obligation to alert the reader to these issues
(Polit & Beck, 2017). By defining the limitations, conclusion and recommendations from the findings can be
generalized to other population that shares similar characteristics.
One of the article that I have for critiquing is the “Inpatient Palliative Care and Patient Pain: Pre- and PostOutcomes”. In this article, the authors enumerated the limitations and they are: generalization may be limited in
this study due to it was conducted within one HMO hospital and did not include a comparison group, multivariate
analysis was limited by small cell size and a larger sample would provide the statistical power necessary to test
patient outcomes within each subcategory of diagnosis and disposition observed in this study, the study lacks
detailed analgesic data which prevented a more complete investigation into the role of medications following
hospital discharge, and lastly, although the NRS method of assessing pain is widely accepted, other methods of
assessing patient pain (e.g., behavioral) could provide additional insight into patient experiences, particularly for
patients who are cognitively impaired or suffering from delirium (Laguna, Goldstein, Allen, Braun, & Enguídanos,
2012).
Laguna, J., Goldstein, R., Allen, J., Braun, W., & Enguídanos, S. (2012). Original Article: Inpatient Palliative Care
and Patient Pain: Pre- and Post-Outcomes. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 431051-1059.
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2011.0
Polit, D., & Beck, C. (2017). Nursing research. Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice (10th ed.).
[Grand Canyon University Digital Resources]. Retrieved from: https://viewer.gcu.edu/E7ePxX
Number 4
Limitations of a study means that there are some things that could have affected the results of the study that the
researcher may not have been able to control. The limitations could have a great impact on the results that were
obtained and should be considered when finding research to support someone’s own research or idea. “Researchers
are in the best position to point out sample deficiencies, design problems, weaknesses in data collection, and so
forth” (Polit & Beck). Without stating the limitations, researchers can give misleading information to their readers
and can accidentally devalue their findings.
In one of the articles that I had chosen, Norwegian nursing students were sent to Ethiopia for clinicals so that they
can develop cultural awareness and competency. The limitations that were mentioned in this study was that the
nursing students that were used were only from Norway. Another limitation was that the students were not only sent
to just Ethiopia, but they were only sent to one area of Ethiopia. These limitations can, therefore, only place these
views on Norwegian students and Ethiopian culture.
It’s important to always consider the limitations of a study so that we don’t generalize all the results that we are
given. In this example, we can see how doing this study can change the views on cultural awareness, but we can’t
say that all students will have this impact from all underdeveloped countries.
References
Polit, D.F. & Beck, T.B. (2017). Nursing research: Generating and assessing evidence for nursing practice.
(10 th Ed.). Philadelphia, PA. Wolters Kluwer Health.
Ulvund, I., & Mordal, E. (2017). The impact of short term clinical placement in a developing country on
nursing students: A qualitative descriptive study. Nurse Education Today, 96.
doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2017.05.013. Retrieved from
www-sciencedirectcom.lopes.idm.oclc.org/science/article/pii/S0260691717301168?_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_origin=gateway&_docanch
or=&md5=b8429449ccfc9c30159a5f9aeaa92ffb&ccp=y
…
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