Expert answer:Philosophy exam

Expert answer:The questions are about : (Multiple choices- short answers- True and false- syllogism- matching) Descartes Cartesian dualism Dualism Metaphysics Mind-body problem “Cognito, ergo sum” Rationality Soul Power of self-movement Sense perception What Descartes does he mean when he says “I”? Gilbert Ryle “Ghost in the machine” Bifurcation “Categorical mistake” Tripartite Esprit de corps Property Dualism – see notes Substance dualism – see notes Barbara Montero Physicalism Materialism Consciousness Neutrinos Phlogiston Hempel’s dilemma Plato – the “Garden” Gyges Thanatology Menoeceus Immortality Spirituality Thomas Nagel Permanent death Nagel’s 3 arguments (522) why death is not bad. Counter these. Lucretius Shelly Kagan Nonexistence Asymmetrical treatment of death Schmoss What is Kagan’s argument about death regarding prenatal and posthumous existence? Derek Parfit (530) Richard Taylor Meaningful/less existence Sisyphus Fate Euthanasia Passive/active euthanasia Voluntary/involuntary euthanasia Susan Wolf Categorical desires Subjective and objective attractivenes
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1_ According to Rene’ Descartes, interactionism within the self implies__
A_ The body exist but does not influence the mind
B_ The soul goes to heaven if you are saved
C_ The soul is in a special part of the brain
D_ The mind and body exists and influence each other
2_ _____, like Descartes, believe knowledge must be grounded on an
“Indubitable axiom”
A_ Rationalist
B_ Empiricist
C_ Idiots
D_ Antifoundationalists
3_ According to Shelly, Kagan, the argument that you should not be upset
about death because you
A_ wont be around to miss out on the good things in life
B_ you will continue to exist after you die
C_ life is full of stress and it wont matter anyway
D_ you did not exist before your birth anyway
4_ According to Richard Taylor, our lives can have
A_ subjective meaning
B_ no distinct will
C_ objective meaning
D_ none of the above
5_ Susan Wolf’s definition of meaningful life is that it requires
A_ Great moral and intellectual accomplishments
B_ active engagement of projects of worth
C_ stress, anger, and exertion
D_ objective values
E_ none of the above
6_ Shelly Kagan claims that
A_ death is bad for the one who dies because he/she loses everything
B_ death is a good thing. We get to move into the 4th dimension of life
C_ there is an afterlife but we don’t there until the resurrection
D_ death is bad for those who do not believe in an afterlife
7_ the “dogma of the ghost in the machine” refers to
A_ the view that a human is immoral
B_ the view that young children do not have minds
C_ the view that the mind is separate from the brain
D_ the view that a human has both a bode and a mind but nothing else
8_ which one of the following argued for mind-body Dualism
A_ Descartes
B_ Aristotle
C_ Berkeley
D_ Hume
9_ Property dualism is the view that
A_ Brains have special mental properties, despite being entirely physical
system
B_ Memory is an essential quality beyond the death of the body
C_ Continuity means that there is an existence beyond the physical self or a
“soul”
D_ mental properties are like electro-magnetic elements in the atmosphere that
give us direction like migrating geese and ducks
10_ Rene’ Descartes came to not doubt that
A_ the power of self-movement generates the body
B_ the property of extension means you can move your arms
C_ the power of thought exists when nothing else does
D_ the power of sight is limited because we have dreams
Part 2 matching
1_ physicalism
a_ Resurrection
b- Vitrano
2_ Descartes
3_ objective value
c- you can’t miss what you don’t have ( eternal life)
4_ Reincarnation
d- argued with Wolf and Taylor over meaning in life
5_ Epicureanism
e- existence precedes essence
6_ Schmoss
7- Vitrano
8_ Cognito ergo sum
9_existentialism
10_ tripartite
f- I think; therefore, I am
g- Cartesian dualism theory
h- Will, mind and emotions makes up the soul
i- avoid pain, add pleasure, act from fear
j- Body, bones, blood, brain
True or False
1_ T/F Gyges is a selfish shepherd introduced by Plato
2_ T/F Susan Wolf thinks that a meaningful life must be full of “passion”
3_ T/F Vitrano argues with Wolf’s accounts of meaningful lives
4- T/F Descartes argues that he does not exist that” life is but a dream”
5- T/F Barbara Montero says we need solve the “body” problem before we can
solve the “mind” problem
6_ T/F Pleasure, according to Epicurus, is nonexistent
7_ T/F Shelly Kegan thinks there is a life after this one
8_ T/F Materialism is the same thing as physicalism
9_ T/F Gillbert Ryle says the ” ghost in the machine ” is the human mind
10_ T/F Sense perception is a concept of empiricism, which is a sub-category
making up Epistemology
Part 4
Syllogisms – be careful to write to the specific one. Ponens, Tollens and
disjunctive. Make sure you write to the subject as well. Do not say, ” Anyone
who can’t spell bifurcations is an idiot. John can’t spell bifurcations. He is an
idiot”. You must define the subject.
1_ Give a modus ponens syllogism for substance dualism
2_ Give a modus Tollens syllogism arguing against physicalism
3_ Give a disjunctive syllogism arguing for Vitrano’s view of meaning
4_ Give a modus ponens syllogism arguing for property dualism
Part5: short answer
1_ Kagan’s asymmetrical view of death
2_ Objective value ( Wolf)
3_ Form-essence
4_ Nagel’s concept of ” permanent death ”
5- Categorical desires ( from Susan Wolf )
…
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