Expert answer:Music Class

Expert answer:1) Complete the Study Guide in the attachments.2) Sub-Saharan Africa Discussion BoardMost traditional musical traditions in Sub-Saharan Africa reflect the social structure of the people who create it. Societal structure can vary greatly between different ethnic groups. Compare and contrast the social systems of the hierarchical Mande of West Africa and the egalitarian BaMbuti pygmies of the Congo region. How are these different social systems reflected in the musical traditions of the Mande and BaMbuti?Your discussion post should be around 150 words3) Write helpful response. Give constructive feedback and/or pose questions that are relevant to the discussion topics. How you agree with them and give your opinion too.Student Response: Hierarchical caste systems’ tied to select professions are integral to many West African societies. Mande society can be broken down into four major groupings: the nobility, artisan groups, peasantry, and slaves. The nyamakalaw is traditional groups defined by their occupation; “Mande speakers refer to Smith, leatherworker, and bard groups as nyamakalaw (the plural of nyamakala).” (Gijanto, 2016). In addition, specialists such as smiths, potters, bards, and leatherworkers are thought to have occult powers.Mande of West Africa is a society that uses an oral system of passing down traditions and communication. They also have a hierarchical societal structure with a caste system. The Mande also own land and compete for territory and have also owned slaves. Although they are limited to an education based on oral transmission, they have music and arts within their society.The BaMbuti pygmies of the Congo region have an egalitarian society: everyone participates in the hunt (men); share food; make huts (women). Their education has based the needs for living in a forest—how to hunt; make tools. Their only instrument is that of a metal or wooden trumpet used to “wake the forest” in a time of death.4) Listen to this Audio Music that I chose ( West Africa: Mande Jali with Kora)write a 150 word journal about it. Please utilize the listening guides in your textbook for this assignment. Include information about the audio example including the genre or style, instruments and form. What culture creates this music? What behaviors or activities are associated with this music? Also include your personal thoughts or feelings about your chosen audio example. Do you like it/dislike it? Why did you choose this particular example?
study_guide_africa_online.docx

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World Music
Name___________________________
Study Guide: Sub-Saharan Africa
1. The mbira belongs to the class of instruments known as ___________________________.
2. The Shona are a ____________-speaking people of what country? _________________________
3. Even simple mbira pieces contain many inner __________________ _________________, and
involve an art of creative ___________________ as well as playing.
4. What is meant by “interlocking” or “hocketing?”
5. What does “ostinato” mean?
6. How many different countries are in Africa? _______ How many ethnolinguistic groups? __________
Why is it better to think about African music in terms of ethnolinguistic groups rather than nations?
7. What is the basic lifestyle of the majority of Pygmies? __________________ existence.
8. According to Turnbull, the BaMbuti Pygmies lead a kind of double life – how?
9. What is meant by “nonspecialized activity?”
10. BaMbuti women are the primary singers for the ______________, a puberty ceremony.
11. BaMbuti song forms follow which two basic principles of African music?
12. In which countries are the Mande subgroups found?
13. Describe the two main social categories in contemporary Mande societies:
14. What is a “Jali?”
15. What are two differences about music-making between the Mande and the Pygmy society?
16. What are the three main instruments used by the Jali?
17. In which countries can one find the Anlo-Ewe?
18. Describe the political/social organization of the Anlo-Ewe:
19. What are some occasions for performance among the Anlo-Ewe?
20. List the instruments of the Anlo-Ewe drum ensemble:
21. What are the origins of Ghanaian “highlife?”
22. Popular music among the Yoruba of Nigeria is called ________________, and includes the hourglassshaped ______________________.
23. Which single African style has had the most profound impact within sub-Saharan Africa?
24. What caused urban audiences in Zimbabwe to pay special attention to electric band renditions of
Shona village music in the 1970s?
The artist/band most connect with that genre is _______________________________________
25. Discuss the new role of the mbira in Mapfumo’s band:

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