Expert answer:Discussion 1
Expert answer:Marion and Oliver define interest groups as “pressure group, special interest, organized interest, of faction, as a group of citizens who are organized and attempt to influence legislation so it reflects their interest or policy goals.” (p.281). Consider exploring the sources in the CRJ510 Professional Resources List to assist your research for this activity.Initial Post: Read the Lutze and Schaefer article and use it as a springboard for this discussion. Reentry and rehabilitation programs are controversial and have proponents on both sides of the issues. Explain the role special interest groups play in their effort to influence legislation that dictates reentry and rehabilitation policy. Then from a macro perspective, should there be so many access points that allow special interest groups to access legislators? What are the negatives to allowing special interest groups to have an active role in political campaigns? Support your claims with examples from the required materials and/or other scholarly sources, and properly cite your references with both in-text and APA citations at the end of your post.**If you can’t access the link then I’ve attached it below. Discussion must be 400 words with in text citation and sources listed at end.**
crj510_professional_resources_list_5.docx
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CRJ510
CRIMINAL JUSTICE POLICY &
THEORY
Supplemental Materials
CRJ510: Criminal Justice Policy & Theory
SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1
WEEK ONE ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3
CRIMINAL JUSTICE POLICY PROCESS ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3
Recommended Resource ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3
WEEK TWO …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6
EXECUTIVE AND LEGISLATIVE POLICY ACTORS ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
Recommended Resources ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
WEEK THREE …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7
THE JUDICIARY AND BUREAUCRACIES AS POLICY ACTORS …………………………………………………………………………………….. 7
Recommended Resources ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7
WEEK FOUR ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 11
THE MEDIA AND INTEREST GROUPS AS CRIMINAL JUSTICE POLICY ACTORS ………………………………………………………. 11
Recommended Resources ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 11
WEEK FIVE …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14
POLICE AND COURTS AS POLICY ACTORS ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14
Recommended Resources ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 14
WEEK SIX ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 17
CORRECTIONS AND JUVENILE JUSTICE POLICY ACTORS ………………………………………………………………………………………… 17
Recommended Resources ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 17
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CRJ510: Criminal Justice Policy & Theory
SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALS
WEEK ONE
CRIMINAL JUSTICE POLICY PROCESS
Recommended Resource
Text Chapter
Gardiner, C. L. (2014). The influence of research and evidence-based practices on criminal justice policy. In S. L.
Mallicoat & C. L. Gardiner (Eds.), Criminal justice policy (pp. 15-34). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc.
•
This is Chapter 2 in your primary textbook Criminal Justice Policy.
Websites
Center for Evidence Based Crime Policy (http://cebcp.org/)
•
“The Center for Evidence-Based Crime Policy, housed within the Department of Criminology, Law and
Society at George Mason University, seeks to make scientific research a key component in decisions
about crime and justice policies. The CEBCP carries out this mission by advancing rigorous studies in
criminal justice and criminology through research-practice collaborations, and proactively serving as an
informational and translational link to practitioners and the policy community.” (Center for Evidence
Based Crime Policy-George Mason University)
•
Source Applicability: This is a good website to identify potential criminal justice policy issues that align
with the primary course texts. These policy issues are examples applicable for both Week One discussions
and the journal article review.
C2D – Centre for research on direct democracy (http://c2d.ch/index.php)
•
This is an international website. “The C2D was founded in 1993 at the Department of Constitutional Law
of the University of Geneva and became a part of the new centre for democracy studies in Aarau ZDA in
September 2007. The C2D is grateful to the Law Department of the University of Geneva for hosting the
centre for 15 years and letting it develop into what it is today. The centre consists of researchers in law
and political science who have devoted their research interests to direct democracy as a form of
contemporary democracy.” (Center for Research on Direct Democracy)
•
Source Applicability: This is a good website to show international criminal justice policy issues. Though
it does not apply directly to the policy issues for both Week One discussions, depending on the focus of
your Final Paper, it may directly apply to the journal article review and the Final Paper.
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CRJ510: Criminal Justice Policy & Theory
SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALS
Center for Problem-Oriented Policing (http://www.popcenter.org/)
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“The mission of the Center for Problem-Oriented Policing is to advance the concept and practice of
problem-oriented policing in open and democratic societies. It does so by making readily accessible
information about ways in which police can more effectively address specific crime and disorder
problems.” (Center for Problem-Oriented Policing Mission Statement)
•
Source Applicability: This is a good website to identify potential criminal justice policy issues that align
with specific problem-oriented policing policy issues. These policy issues are examples that are
applicable for both Week One discussions and the journal article review.
FBI (http://www.fbi.gov/)
•
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) website is a wealth of information. In the search window, type
“crime policy” to see the FBI policies on a wide variety of crime issues, including the FBI–Advisory
Policy Board, cybersecurity, organized crime, the National Crime Information Center, the Uniform Crime
Reporting Program, and crime in schools and colleges.
•
Source Applicability: This government website addressed criminal justice policy issues from a police
and forensic perspective. These policy issue examples are applicable for both Week One discussions and
the journal article review.
NIJ (http://www.nij.gov/Pages/welcome.aspx)
•
“The National Institute of Justice—the research, development, and evaluation agency of the U.S.
Department of Justice—is dedicated to improving knowledge and understanding of crime and justice
issues through science. NIJ provides objective and independent knowledge and tools to reduce crime and
promote justice, particularly at the state and local levels.” (NIJ Mission Statement)
•
Source Applicability: This government website identifies criminal justice policy issues that are
addressed in the primary course texts. These policy issue examples are applicable for both Week One
discussions and the journal article review.
Office of Juvenile Justice a Delinquency Prevention (http://www.ojjdp.gov/)
•
The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention provides national leadership, coordination,
and resources to prevent and respond to juvenile delinquency and victimization. OJJDP supports states
and communities in their efforts to develop and implement effective and coordinated prevention and
intervention programs and to improve the juvenile justice system so that it protects public safety, holds
offenders accountable, and provides treatment and rehabilitative services tailored to the needs of juveniles
and their families. (OJJDP Mission Statement)
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CRJ510: Criminal Justice Policy & Theory
•
SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALS
Source Applicability: This government website identifies criminal justice policy issues focused on
juvenile justice and delinquency policy issues addressed in the primary course texts. These policy issues
are examples that are applicable for both Week One discussions and the journal article review.
Social Programs That Work (http://evidencebasedprograms.org/)
•
“The Coalition is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization, whose mission is to increase government
effectiveness through rigorous evidence about ‘what works.’ The Coalition has no affiliation with any
programs or program models, enabling it to serve as a neutral, independent source of expertise to
Congress, the Executive Branch agencies, and other stakeholders on evidence-based programs. Funding
for this project is provided by the MacArthur Foundation.” (Coalition for Evidence-Based Policy)
•
Source Applicability: This is a good website to identify potential criminal justice policy issues that align
with the primary course texts. These policy issues are examples that are applicable for both Week One
discussions and the journal article review.
The Urban Institute (http://www.urban.org/justice/)
•
“The criminal justice system’s actions in both preventing and responding to criminal behavior have
implications for the safety, well-being, and financial stability of communities throughout the
country….Researchers in the Urban Institute’s Justice Policy Center produce such research, evaluating
programs and analyzing data in an effort to guide federal, state, and local stakeholders in making sound
decisions that will increase the safety of communities nationwide.” (The Urban Institute)
•
Source Applicability: This is a good website to look at criminal justice policy issues specifically related
to the urban environment. They evaluate programs and policies that provide good research applicable to
the Final Paper and proposed changes to make policy more effective.
The White House (https://www.whitehouse.gov/)
•
This is the White House website that addresses the president’s policies on all topics. In the search window
type “crime policy” to see the president’s policies on various crime control issues, such as drug control,
organized crime, alternatives to incarceration, and cybercrime.
•
Source Applicability: This government website identifies criminal justice policy issues from the chief
executive office and provides a national perspective. It applies directly to the policy issues for both Week
One discussions. Depending on the focus of your Final Paper, this site may directly apply to the journal
article review and the Final Paper.
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CRJ510: Criminal Justice Policy & Theory
SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALS
WEEK TWO
EXECUTIVE AND LEGISLATIVE POLICY ACTORS
Recommended Resources
Websites
History of Social Work. (n.d.). Overview. Retrieved from http://www.historyofsocialwork.org/eng/details.php?cps=17
•
This website is a wealth of information on a variety of authors and philosophers to address social issues
like prison reform, food banks, discretion in policing, and a wide selection of social policy and theory.
•
Source Applicability: The policy issues on this site generally take a look at the policy initiatives from
different perspectives than traditional criminal justice policy formulation sites. The policy examples are
applicable for both Week Two discussions and the Final Paper.
RAND. (n.d.). Research. Retrieved from http://www.rand.org/research.html
•
“RAND is committed to critical issues of particular relevance to the public policy debate. Here you can
browse work aggregated by Policy Focus from across a diverse organization composed of nearly 100
active projects, programs, and centers.” (RAND mission statement) Recommend search: criminal justice
policy.
•
Source Applicability: This is a good website to identify potential criminal justice policy issues that align
with the primary course texts. The RAND Corporation is a primary source of research used by the federal
government. Policy issues on this site generally take a look at the policy initiative from different
perspectives. The site is considered a conservative think tank. The policy examples are applicable for both
Week Two discussions and the Final Paper.
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CRJ510: Criminal Justice Policy & Theory
SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALS
WEEK THREE
THE JUDICIARY and BUREAUCRACIES AS POLICY ACTORS
Recommended Resources
Text Chapter
Palasz, N., & Fennelly, K. (2014). Immigrants and crime. In S. L. Mallicoat & C. L. Gardiner (Eds.), Criminal justice
policy (pp. 67-84). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, Inc.
•
This is Chapter 6 in your primary textbook Criminal Justice Policy.
Websites
Bureau of Justice Assistance (https://www.bja.gov/)
•
“BJA’s mission is to provide leadership and services in grant administration and criminal justice policy
development to support local, state, and tribal justice strategies to achieve safer communities. BJA
supports programs and initiatives in the areas of law enforcement, justice information sharing, countering
terrorism, managing offenders, combating drug crime and abuse, adjudication, advancing tribal justice,
crime prevention, protecting vulnerable populations, and capacity building.” (BJA Mission )
•
Source Applicability: This government website identifies criminal justice policy issues that align with
the primary course texts from the justice perspective. The policy issues on this site generally examine the
policy initiative court point of view. The policy examples are applicable for the “Bureaucracy and Crime
Control Policy” discussion, the journal article reviews, and the Final Paper.
Center for Court Innovation (http://www.courtinnovation.org/)
•
“In New York, the Center creates demonstration projects that test new ideas. The Center’s projects
include community-based violence prevention programs, alternatives to incarceration, reentry initiatives,
and many others….The project’s success in reducing both crime and incarceration led the court’s
planners, with the support of New York State’s chief judge, to establish the Center for Court Innovation
to serve as an ongoing engine for justice reform in New York.” (Center for Court Innovation Website)
•
Source Applicability: This website looks at potential criminal justice policy issues from a court
perspective. These policy initiatives are an example of out of the box thinking and align with the primary
course texts. The policy issues on this site generally examine the policy initiative from a different
perspective than traditional criminal justice policy formulation. The policy examples are applicable for
the “Role of the Judiciary” discussion, the journal article reviews, and the Final Paper.
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CRJ510: Criminal Justice Policy & Theory
SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALS
Drug Policy Alliance (http://www.drugpolicy.org/)
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“The Drug Policy Alliance envisions a just society in which the use and regulation of drugs are grounded
in science, compassion, health and human rights, in which people are no longer punished for what they
put into their own bodies but only for crimes committed against others, and in which the fears, prejudices
and punitive prohibitions of today are no more.” (DPA Mission and Vision statement)
•
Source Applicability: This website looks to modify current policy with a social justice perspective to
policy issues. The policy issues on this site generally take a look at the policy initiative from a different
perspective than traditional criminal justice policy formulation cites. The policy examples are applicable
for “Bureaucracy and Crime Control Policy” discussion, the journal article reviews, and the Final Paper.
Homeland Security (http://www.dhs.gov)
•
DHS five core missions, dealing with terrorism, securing our borders, immigration, cybersecurity, and
responding to disasters, clearly touch on criminal justice and the formulation and implementing criminal
justice policy.
•
Source Applicability: This government website identifies potential criminal justice policy issues from a
homeland security perspective. The policy issues on this site generally take a look at the policy initiative
from a traditional homeland security perspective. The policy examples are applicable for the
“Bureaucracy and Crime Control Policy” discussion, the journal article reviews, and the Final Paper.
ICE (http://www.ice.gov)
•
ICE’s primary mission is to promote homeland security and public safety through the criminal and civil
enforcement of federal laws governing border control, customs, trade, and immigration. (ICE Mission
Statement)
•
Source Applicability: This government website identifies criminal justice policy issues dealing with
immigration and customs enforcement. The policy issues on this site generally examine the policy
initiative from a traditional criminal justice and government enforcement perspective. The policy
examples are applicable for the “Bureaucracy and Crime Control Policy” and the Final Paper. This site
may be helpful when formulating responses to the journal article reviews.
Immigration Policy Center (http://www.immigrationpolicy.org/)
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“The Immigration Policy Center (IPC) is the research and policy arm of the American Immigration
Council. IPC’s mission is to shape a rational conversation on immigration and immigrant integration.
Through its research and analysis, IPC provides policymakers, the media, and the general public with
accurate information about the role of immigrants and immigration policy in U.S. society. IPC reports and
materials are widely disseminated and relied upon by press and policy makers. IPC staff regularly serves
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CRJ510: Criminal Justice Policy & Theory
SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALS
as experts to leaders on Capitol Hill, opinion-makers and the media. IPC, formed in 2003 is a nonpartisan organization that neither supports nor opposes any political party or candidate for office.” (IPC
website)
•
Source Applicability: This is a good website to identify potential criminal justice policy issues from a
non-government perspective. They look at the formulation of policy based on the rights and interests of
immigrants. The policy issues on this site generally take a look at the policy initiative from a different
perspective than traditional criminal justice policy formulation cites. The policy examples are applicable
for the “Bureaucracy and Crime Control Policy” discussion, the journal article reviews, and the Final
Paper.
NCSC. (n.d.). Mental health courts research guide. Retrieved from http://ncsc.org/topics/problem-solving-courts/mentalhealth-courts/resource-guide.aspx
•
“NCSC is the organization courts turn to for authoritative knowledge and information, because its efforts
are directed by collaborative work with the Conference of Chief Justices, the Conference of State Court
Administrators, and other associations of judicial leaders.” (NCSC – About Us)
•
Source Applicability: This is a good website to identify potential criminal justice policy issues from a
state perspective versus the federal government. This aligns with Chapter 6 of the Mallicoat course text.
The policy issues o …
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