Expert answer:Answer the 3 questions in the decription
Expert answer:Answer the following questions:
– In a Joint T&E acquisition program, who designates the lead Operational Test Agency (OTA) and what are some of the OTA’s roles and responsibilities?
– What are some of the advantages of acquiring systems from foreign nations under the Foreign Comparative Test (FCT) Program?
– What are some advantages/disadvantages in utilizing Commercial off the Shelf (COTS) items during the acquisition T&E process?
The paper must be in APA format and must include at least 2 references that you use to develop your findings.
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•Written communication: Written communication is free of errors that detract from the overall message.
•APA formatting: Resources and citations are formatted according to APA (6th edition) style and formatting.
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•Font and font size: Times New Roman, 12 point.
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TEST AND EVALUATION
MANAGEMENT GUIDE
JANUARY 2005
FIFTH EDITION
PUBLISHED BY
THE DEFENSE ACQUISITION UNIVERSITY PRESS
FORT BELVOIR, VA 22060-55654
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This January 2005 update to the Defense Acquisition University’s Test and Evaluation Management
Guide includes updates from the Military Services, Defense Agencies, and other organizations, as
well as changes in the May 2003 DoD 5000 series. Inputs were collated and finalized by DAU
Program Director for Test and Evaluation Dr. John Claxton. Freelance writer Christina Cavoli and
Defense AT&L editor-in-chief Collie Johnson edited the final document. Freelance designer and
cartoonist Jim Elmore designed the cover, and final desktop publishing and layout was accomplished
by Bartlett Communications and DAU Visual Information Specialist Deborah Gonzalez.
iii
iv
FOREWORD
This book is one of many technical management educational guides written from a Department of
Defense perspective; i.e., non-Service specific. They are intended primarily for use in courses at
Defense Acquisition University and secondarily as a desk reference for program and project management personnel. These guidebooks are written for current and potential acquisition management
personnel who are familiar with basic terms and definitions employed in program offices. The guidebooks are designed to assist government and industry personnel in executing their management responsibilities relative to the acquisition and support of defense systems.
The objective of a well-managed test and evaluation program is to provide timely and accurate information. This guide has been developed to assist the acquisition community in obtaining a better
understanding of whom the decision-makers are and determining how and when to plan test and
evaluation events.
Dr. John D. Claxton
Program Director, T&E
Defense Acquisition University
4
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vi
CONTENTS
Page
Acknowledgments ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… iii
Foreword ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. v
MODULE I — Management of Test and Evaluation
Chapter 1 – Importance of Test and Evaluation
1.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1-1
1.2 Testing as a Risk Management Tool ………………………………………………………….. 1-1
1.3 The T&E Contribution at Major Milestones ………………………………………………. 1-4
1.4 Summary…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1-8
Chapter 2 — The Test and Evaluation Process
2.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2-1
2.2 Defense System Acquisition Process …………………………………………………………. 2-1
2.3 T&E and the Systems Engineering Process (SEP) ……………………………………… 2-5
2.4 Definitions ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2-9
2.5 The DoD T&E Process …………………………………………………………………………… 2-11
2.6 Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2-12
Chapter 3 — T&E Policy Structure and Oversight Mechanism
3.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-1
3.2 The Congress ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-1
3.3 OSD Oversight Structure ………………………………………………………………………….. 3-2
3.4 Service T&E Management Structures ………………………………………………………… 3-5
3.5 The T&E Executive Agent Structure ……………………………………………………….. 3-11
3.6 Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3-12
Chapter 4 — Program Office Responsibilities for Test and Evaluation
4.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4-1
4.2 Relationship to the Program Manager ……………………………………………………….. 4-1
4.3 Early Program Stages ………………………………………………………………………………. 4-1
4.4 PMO/Contractor Test Management ……………………………………………………………. 4-4
vii
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12
Integrated Product Teams for Test and Evaluation ………………………………………. 4-4
Test Program Funding/Budgeting ………………………………………………………………. 4-4
Technical Reviews, Design Reviews, and Audits ………………………………………… 4-5
Contractor Testing ……………………………………………………………………………………. 4-5
Specifications ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4-5
Independent Test and Evaluation Agencies…………………………………………………. 4-6
PMO Responsibilities for Operational Test and Evaluation …………………………. 4-6
Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4-10
Chapter 5 — Test-Related Documentation
5.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5-1
5.2 Requirements Documentation ……………………………………………………………………. 5-1
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
Program Decision Documentation……………………………………………………………… 5-4
Program Management Documentation ……………………………………………………….. 5-4
Test Program Documentation ……………………………………………………………………. 5-6
Other Test-Related Status Reports …………………………………………………………….. 5-9
Summary ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5-10
Chapter 6 — Types of Test and Evaluation
6.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6-1
6.2 Development Test and Evaluation ……………………………………………………………… 6-1
6.3 Operational Test and Evaluation ………………………………………………………………… 6-3
6.4 Multi-Service Test and Evaluation …………………………………………………………….. 6-6
6.5 Joint Test and Evaluation ………………………………………………………………………….. 6-6
6.6 Live Fire Testing ……………………………………………………………………………………… 6-7
6.7 Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Weapons Testing ……………………….. 6-8
6.8 Nuclear Hardness and Survivability (NHS) Testing …………………………………….. 6-9
6.9 Summary …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6-9
MODULE II — Development Test and Evaluation
Chapter 7 — Introduction to Development Test and Evaluation
7.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7-1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
DT&E and the System Acquisition Cycle………………………………………………….. 7-1
DT&E Responsibilities …………………………………………………………………………….. 7-4
Test Program Integration ………………………………………………………………………….. 7-5
Areas of DT&E Focus ……………………………………………………………………………… 7-6
System Design for Testing ……………………………………………………………………….. 7-7
viii
7.7 Impact of Warranties on T&E …………………………………………………………………… 7-8
7.8 DT&E of Limited Procurement Quantity Programs ……………………………………. 7-9
7.9 Summary…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7-9
Chapter 8 — DT&E Support of Technical Reviews and Milestone Decisions
8.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8-1
8.2 DT&E and the Review Process ………………………………………………………………… 8-1
8.3 Configuration Change Control ………………………………………………………………….. 8-6
8.4 Summary…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8-6
Chapter 9 — Combined and Concurrent Testing
9.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 9-1
9.2 Combining Development Test and Operational Test ……………………………………. 9-1
9.3 Concurrent Testing …………………………………………………………………………………… 9-3
9.4 Advantages and Limitations ……………………………………………………………………… 9-4
9.5 Summary…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9-4
Chapter 10 — Production-Related Testing Activities
10.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………… 10-1
10.2 Production Management …………………………………………………………………………. 10-1
10.3 Production Readiness Review (PRR) ……………………………………………………….. 10-2
10.4 Qualification Testing ………………………………………………………………………………. 10-2
10.5 Transition to Production …………………………………………………………………………. 10-2
10.6 Low Rate Initial Production (LRIP) ………………………………………………………… 10-4
10.7 Production Acceptance Test and Evaluation (PAT&E) ……………………………….. 10-4
10.8 Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 10-5
MODULE III — Operational Test and Evaluation
Chapter 11 — Introduction to Operational Test and Evaluation
11.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………… 11-1
11.2 Purpose of OT&E ………………………………………………………………………………….. 11-1
11.3 Test Participants …………………………………………………………………………………….. 11-1
11.4 Types of OT&E ……………………………………………………………………………………… 11-2
11.5 Test Planning …………………………………………………………………………………………. 11-4
11.6 Test Execution ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 11-5
11.7 Test Reporting ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 11-5
11.8 Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 11-7
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Chapter 12 — OT&E to Support Decision Reviews
12.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………… 12-1
12.2 Concept Refinement (CR) and Technology Development (TD) …………………. 12-1
12.3 System Development and Demonstration (SDD) ………………………………………. 12-2
12.4 Production and Deployment (P&D) …………………………………………………………. 12-4
12.5 Operations and Support (O&S) ……………………………………………………………….. 12-4
12.6 Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 12-5
MODULE IV — Test and Evaluation Planning
Chapter 13 — Evaluation
13.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………… 13-1
13.2 Difference Between “Test” and “Evaluation” ……………………………………………. 13-1
13.3 The Evaluation Process…………………………………………………………………………… 13-1
13.4 Issues and Criteria …………………………………………………………………………………. 13-3
13.5 Measures of Effectiveness (MOEs) ………………………………………………………….. 13-5
13.6 Evaluation Planning ……………………………………………………………………………….. 13-5
13.7 Evaluating Development and Operational Tests ………………………………………… 13-6
13.8 Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 13-8
Chapter 14 — Modeling and Simulation Support to T&E
14.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………… 14-1
14.2 Types of Models and Simulations ……………………………………………………………. 14-1
14.3 Validity of Modeling and Simulation ………………………………………………………. 14-3
14.4 Support to Test Design and Planning ………………………………………………………. 14-4
14.5 Support to Test Execution ………………………………………………………………………. 14-7
14.6 Support to Analysis and Test Reporting …………………………………………………… 14-9
14.7 Simulation Integration…………………………………………………………………………….. 14-9
14.8 Simulation Planning ……………………………………………………………………………….. 14-9
14.9 Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………… 14-10
Chapter 15 — Test Resources
15.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………… 15-1
15.2 Obtaining Test Resources ……………………………………………………………………….. 15-1
15.3 Test Resource Planning…………………………………………………………………………… 15-4
15.4 Test Resource Funding …………………………………………………………………………… 15-8
15.5 Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………… 15-10
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Chapter 16 — Test and Evaluation Master Plan
16.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………… 16-1
16.2 TEMP Development ……………………………………………………………………………….. 16-1
16.3 TEMP Format………………………………………………………………………………………… 16-5
16.4 Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 16-7
MODULE V — Specialized Testing
Chapter 17 — Software Systems Testing
17.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………… 17-1
17.2 Definitions …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 17-2
17.3 Purpose of Software Test and Evaluation …………………………………………………. 17-2
17.4 Software Development Process ……………………………………………………………….. 17-3
17.5 T&E in the Software Life Cycle …………………………………………………………….. 17-4
17.6 Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 17-8
Chapter 18 — Testing for Vulnerability and Lethality
18.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………… 18-1
18.2 Live Fire Testing ……………………………………………………………………………………. 18-1
18.3 Testing for Nuclear Hardness and Survivability ……………………………………….. 18-5
18.4 Summary……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 18-7
Chapter 19 — Logistics Infrastructure T&E
19.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………… 19-1
19.2 Planning for Logistics Support System T&E ……………………………………………. 19-1
19.3 Conducting Logistics Support System T&E……………………………………………… 19-4
19.4 Limitations to Logistics Support System T&E …………………………………………. 19-8
19.5 Summary……………… …
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