Expert answer:Advanced Wastewater Treatment

Expert answer:CITE NAME DARSIT MUSCAT, OMAN Aim The aim of this module is to provide the students with knowledge and practical insight of the important concepts and fundamental principles, treatment mechanism, and design and operation and technology of various wastewater treatment processes.LEARNING OUT COMES To introduce students to broad and practical insight to the principles, design and operation of various advanced processes of wastewater treatment.  To understand the practical details of each wastewater treatment methods.  To study the design and operation of treatment plants.  To introduce the student to the wastewater management. REST PLEASE CHECK THE ATTACHMENTS
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F/QAP/021/001
Caledonian College of Engineering
Course Work
Name of the programme BEng Civil (GCU)
Name of Module with Code Advanced Wastewater Treatment:MHH121753
Level/Semester & AY
4/Semester A, 2017-18
Name of the Module Dr. Basim Al Khateeb
Leader/Tutor
Coursework Type Field Visit Report, Poster Presentation, and Proposal for
Selected Topics.
Assessment weightage 30%
Type and date of submission 03-December-2017
Aim The aim of this module is to provide the students with
knowledge and practical insight of the important concepts
and fundamental principles, treatment mechanism, and
design and operation and technology of various wastewater
treatment processes.
Learning Outcomes




To introduce students to broad and practical insight to
the principles, design and operation of various
advanced processes of wastewater treatment.
To understand the practical details of each
wastewater treatment methods.
To study the design and operation of treatment plants.
To introduce the student to the wastewater
management.
Task
The course work consists of three components:
1) Field Visit Report
Site visit will be arranged to a municipal wastewater treatment plant to observe the treatment
process and plant operation followed by an assessment based on the field visit report submission.
Requirement for the Report:
Write detailed report on the field visit for wastewater treatment plant. i.e., components and
observations at the site. The contents and the requirements are shown in following table.
MHH121753/Advanced Wastewater Treatment – 1
F/QAP/021/001
Item
Contents
1.
Introduction
Requirements
Brief history and geographical information of the wastewater
treatment plant and details of the site along with other requirements.
2.
Details of the project 
visited
(Design 
aspect)


Engineering design and details specification
Flow diagram of the facility
Design calculation for the size of the biological units.
Existing problems
3.
Details of the project 
visited (Operation
aspect)

All of the activities needed to run a wastewater treatment plant
facility.
Research and present national/international standards which
regulate the treated effluents quality including (but not limited to)
nitrogen and phosphorus concentration requirement in the
discharged effluent.
Existing problems

4.
Environmental
significance
Addresses environmental issues of the project
5.
Conclusion
What did you learn from the study
 Improving measures
 Technical
 Operational
6.
References
CCE Harvard Style. First Edition 2013 should be followed for both
in-text and listing references.
Also some of the technical data on the treatment site and the information collected from the site
should be included for any future reference
Notes on submission





Report should not be less than 1500 words.
Report should contain list of contents, list of tables and figures, nomenclature.
Tables and Figures should be with Captions and References.
Assignment should be subjected to plagiarism checks with TURNITIN software and report
must be included in the assignment.
Information and data on similar subject matter may be collected from Municipalities,
Ministries, Haya Water, Internet and other sources but must be referenced as suitable.
2) Electronic Poster and presentation
Each student should individually prepare electronic poster of the report for the site visit and
present it. The presentation will be for 15 min duration comprising presentation and question
and answer session.
MHH121753/Advanced Wastewater Treatment – 2
F/QAP/021/001
Poster requirement
The e – poster must show clearly the area of the site visit work. All this must be done in a concise
fashion. Annotated drawings and graphs have more impact than script.
The poster should be complete in that it is understandable to the viewer without verbal comment.
Viewers should be able to read the poster smallest text.
Production of a poster will test the student’s ability to extract the important and essential elements
from the study/site visit to the wastewater treatment facility and to display these elements in an
attractive and informative manner. Judgement of the essentials of a piece of work and the
presentation of those essentials in a convincing and time-efficient way is important not only in
technical conferences but also in industry.
Instructions
1. The e- poster must be prepared to fit onto (A4 or A3 size) which is normally to be displayed
with the longer edge vertical. Poster is to be made and submitted in electronic form only.
2. The title sheet should contain the title of the study, name of Student, year of Study and
date (year only).
3. The e – poster shall include the following sections:
a.
Introduction
b.
Design aspect of the wastewater treatment plant
c.
Operational aspect of the wastewater treatment plant
d.
Environmental significant
e.
Conclusion
4. Display lettering can be prepared using a variety of methods including ‘press letters’ (e.g.
Letterset), stencils and photographic enlargement of ordinary type. Students should
consider using computer-aided techniques (e.g. graph plotters, presentation graphics
software).
5. Students are encouraged to discuss their ideas with the tutor before commencing
preparation of the poster.
3) Proposal for Selected Topics
Students are required to submit a brief proposal (with 300-500 words) on one of the
following selected topics. The proposal should include the paper title, abstract, and outline,
as well as student name and affiliation.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Current wastewater treatment plants operating in Sultanate of Oman.
Haya Water Al Ansab Wetland in Muscat.
Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) in Muscat and Qurayyat.
Wastewater Treatment Plants in Salalah.
Waste Stabilization Ponds in Oman.
Students own research experience for a specific case in Arabian Gulf.
Note:
A plagiarism check report (Turn-it-in) must be attached with course work.
MHH121753/Advanced Wastewater Treatment – 3
F/QAP/021/001
Marking scheme
Components
Description
1
Field Visit Report
Introduction
Details of the project visited (Design
aspect)
Details of the project visited (Operation
aspect)
Environmental significance of the project
Conclusion
References
Weightage
Marks
08
20
65%
20
05
08
04
2
Electronic poster and presentation
20%
20
3
Brief proposal for selected topic
15%
15
100%
100
Total
Instructions
1. Plagiarism is a serious offence. In case of any plagiarism detected, penalty will be imposed
leading to zero mark. Policy and guidelines for dealing with plagiarism and malpractice in
examination can be viewed by clicking:
http://portal.cce.edu.om/member/contentdetails.aspx?id=490
2. The course work shall be subject to plagiarism software check.
3. Course work should be submitted on time. College guidelines on late submission of
coursework can be viewed by clicking:
http://portal.cce.edu.om/member/contentdetails.aspx?id=565
4. Course work should be submitted with an appropriate cover page, which can be obtained
from the departmental assistant at the department.
5. Name, student identification and title of the course work to be written clearly and legibly
on the cover page.
6. The completed course work is to be submitted to the departmental assistant on or before
the deadline and record your name, date of submission and signature in the book with the
departmental assistant.
7. For online submission of course work, pdf file with appropriate cover page mentioning
name of student, student number and title of the course work should be uploaded using
the submission link created and made available by the module leader.
Referencing
Harvard Referencing (CCE Style) First Edition 2013 should be followed for both in-text and listing
references. This downloadable document can be found in our CCE portal at:
http://portal.cce.edu.om/member/contentdetails.aspx?cid=628
Name and Signature of Module leader
Dr. Basim Al Khateeb
————————————————MHH121753/Advanced Wastewater Treatment – 4
Date: 09/7/2017
Introduction
This report is going to talk about process & operation of waste water treatment plant (CAS)
which is mean Conventional Activated sludge system. It will contains some structure and
west water facilities of plant .Also, the report is going to talk about the process of each unites
of sewage treatment plant with details with help of Process flow diagram.
Haya water Company:
Haya Water was created in December 2002 with the objective to build and operate a world
class water reuse system for the Muscat Governorate. It is a closed joint stock company
owned by the Government of the Sultanate of Oman.
Haya is a word associated with life and greenery and comes from the Arabic word “Hayat”
meaning life – and Haya itself means water, fertility or the lush vegetation that grows in the
desert after rain.
Greater Mutrah Sewage Treatment Plant:
Greater Mutrah. Involves Darsait sewage treatment plant (STP), jibroo STP, HAG STP,
Alamerat STP and Compost Plant. The Darsait catchment is situated within the greater
Muttrah province which is covers the areas of wadi al-kabir, Hamriya, Ruwi, Bait al-falaj,
Coastal Darsiat, Aynt, Muttrah, Muscat, Sidab, and Al-Bustan. .
Standers which are sets by the Ministry of Environment and Climatic Affairs (MECA):
S.No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Contents
Amount(mg/l)
Phosphates, PO4 as P
NO3
(<=30) (<=50) Residual chlorine (0.3-3) NH3-N (<=5) (<=30 ) (<=20 ) TSS BOD5 PH (6-9) Oil and Grease <=0.5 TSS NH4 (15) (<5) Fecal Coliform (<=200) Abbreviations: S.No 1 2 3 5 Acronym BOD COD DO MLSS 6 MLVSS Term Biological Oxygen Demand Chemical Oxygen Demand Dissolved Oxygen Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid Volatile Mixed Liquor 7 8 9 10 11 PS RAS STP TE WAS Suspended Solid Pump Station Return Activated Sludge Sewage Treatment Plant Treated effluent Waste Activated Sludge Definitions: S.No Term 1 Activated Sludge 2 Aeration tank 3 Balancing tank 4 Bar screen 5 6 BOD Chlorination 7 Clarifier 8 COD 9 Dissolved oxygen 10 11 Denitrification Dewatered Cake 12 Dewatering 13 14 15 Disinfection Effluent Nitrification Definition Sludge particles produced in wastewater by the growth of organisms in Aeration tanks. A biological wastewater treatment process which speeds up waste decomposition. Following primary treatment, contaminants dissolved in sewage are consumed by microorganisms in large tanks that are supplied with the oxygen (air) necessary for the survival of the microorganisms. Which has sufficient volume to permit a non-uniform flow of wastewater to be collected, mixed and pumped forward to a treatment system at a more uniform rate. First step in the wastewater treatment process. The screen consists of bars 40mm. Wastewater is allowed to pass through the bars, but large solid objects such as rocks, cans, plastic bags and sticks are stopped. Amount of oxygen organic material in the water requires. The application of chlorine or chlorine compounds to water or wastewater, usually for the purpose of pathogen reduction. In some circumstances, chlorination may also provide chemical oxidation and odour control. A tank or basin in which sewage is held for a period of time, during which the heavier solids (referred to as sludge) settle to the bottom and any lighter materials present (referred to as scum) float to the water surface. Used in both primary and secondary treatment. Measures the chemical oxidant required to break down organics. It is an indicator of the concentration of organics in water. The COD test can be completed in a few hours and is frequently substituted for BOD. COD levels are usually greater than BOD for a given wastewater. The amount of oxygen dissolved in liquid expressed as mg/l or percent saturation. Removing of Nitrogen. Bio solids that have been dewatered to greater than 21 percent dry solids to produce a material of soil-like consistency. A process used to remove water from bio solids producing dewatered cake that contains greater than 21 percent dry solids. A process that destroys inactivates or removes micro-organisms. The treated, cleaned discharge from sewage treatment plants. Conversion of ammonia to nitrate through the action of nitrifying 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 bacteria. Outflow channel Collects the outflow and carries it to the next treatment stage. Raw sewage Untreated wastewater Return Activated The portion of the solid materials collected from secondary Sludge treatment (i.e., secondary clarifiers) returned to the aeration tanks to sustain biological activity there. Sewage The solid waste material which settles out in the wastewater treatment process Screw bump Are capable of transporting sizable items within the water and lengths of light timber are broken up by the reinforced leading edge of the screw flights Scum Usually fatty material in wastewater that floats. Sludge The solids that settle out during the process Total Suspended Solids in water that can be trapped by a filter. TSS can include a Solid wide variety of material, such as silt, decaying plant and animal matter, industrial wastes, and sewage. Waste Activated The portion of the solid materials collected from secondary Sludge treatment (i.e., secondary clarifiers) not returned to the aeration tanks and destined for digestion. Process In general, the process of waste water treatment refer to domestic waste water treatment/ sewage waste water treatment and removal of contaminants from domestic waste water which aims to converting wastewater into environmental friendly products . It includes three main steps: S.No Name of the process 1 Primary treatment/ physical treatment 2 Biological treatment/ Secondary treatment 3 Tertiary treatment Darsait STP: Brief explanation The first stage of waste water treatment takes place in the preliminary treatment plant where material such as oils, fats, grease, grit, rags and large solids are removed. Biological treatment of waste waters takes place in fixed media or suspended growth reactors using activated sludge Biological or chemical polishing of wastewater to remove organics, solids and nutrients. The use of filtration to remove microscopic particles from wastewater that has already been treated to a Secondary Level. Darsait is one of the Haya water treatment plant which has a capacity of (21,000 m3/day). The plant receives sewage water directly from customer by network line and there is little use of tankers. It is an old where in which it considers as a conventional system. The CAS process uses microorganism to feed on organic contaminants in wastewater to remove Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and suspended solids, producing a high-quality effluent. The basic principle is that as microorganisms grow, they form particles (floc) that are allowed to settle at the bottom of the tank leaving a relatively clear (supernatant) liquid. The sewerage network technologies used in the Darsait Wastewater Treatment Plant are: 1. Gravity Networks 2. Vacuum Systems Darsait Wastewater Treatment Plant is currently treating approximately between 18,000 to 21,000 m3/day of wastewater and reusing the treated effluent for irrigation purposes. Darsait Wastewater Treatment Plant Haya Water Company deals with domestic wastewater. The Waste water contains floating material (oil/ grease fat material (FOG), screening material (plastics, rubbish) and heavy material (solid, grit) The most important thing in this process is to remove the large objects, sand/grit and oil/grease. This process starts with screening, which is the remove of large materials such as rags, plastic,, from the sewage arriving at the treatment plant to prevent damage to downstream treatment equipment’s. The large objects are removed by using the bar screen with size of (40mm), so the objects which are more than 40mm will stop and the other objects will continue in the process. Step screen (Mechanical screen) with the size of (6mm) is used to remove the small objects, and like the first screen, the objects which are more than 4mm stop and the other objects which are less than 4mm will move. Scum tank is used in the primary treatment, in which solids settle to the bottom and scum rises to the top. It extends above the water surface and prevents floating material from reaching the outflow channel. The collected scum is directed by a surface skimmer to a scum box from where it is typically discharged with the excess sludge. Water pass out into the primary settling tank which contain scrapers to remove oily floating layer on the wastewater. As we know that the oil have less density than water so, it float at the top of the tank. Using scraper to remove floating oil. Sand/grits which are Heavy material settle down by gravity (primary sedimentation). Note: The primary treatment can reduce the BOD of the incoming waste water. That wastewater containing many things such as: floating materials, organic & inorganic materials and sediment materials. So, to treat this wastewater it must go through three important steps:  Primary Treatment  Secondary Treatment(biological treatment)  Tertiary Treatment (Filtration) Primary Treatment Secondary Treatment Tertiary Treatment Primary Treatment: In the first step, the big particles removed by bar screen and small particles which are bigger than 6 mm will be removed from the water by the step screen. Next, sand removed by the grit pump then oil and grease will get removed by using scrubber. In primary settling tank, organic materials will be partly removed by sludge pump to primary sludge tank. In the secondary treatment, the nitrogen will be removed by using denitrification process which means reduction of nitrates or nitrites commonly by bacteria that usually results in the escape of nitrogen into air. Bacteria will break chemical bonds to absorb the oxygen. NH4 + O2 NO2- + NO3- + H2O So, bacteria will absorb all oxygen atoms and the nitrogen will move up to the atmosphere. Secondary Treatment: The Secondary treatment is the Nitrification process will occur which is means: is the biological oxidation of ammonia or ammonium to nitrite followed by the oxidation of the nitrite to nitrate. The transformation of ammonia to nitrite is usually the rate limiting step of nitrification. Nitrification is an important step in the nitrogen cycle in soil. Nitrification is an aerobic process performed by small groups of autotrophic bacteria and archaea. The activated sludge process is the most common option in secondary treatment. Aeration in an activated sludge process is based on pumping air into a tank to make the dissolve Oxygen between 1 to 1.5mgl. The bacteria feed on the organic material, forming flocs which can easily settle out. Mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS) is the concentration of suspended solids, and it should be at the range of 3.5mgl to 4.5mgl in an aeration tank. In secondary settling tank the Mixed liquor suspended solid will settle down will move down and water move up. Tertiary process: It involved the removal of the suspended solid followed by disinfection Which can be done in Darsait by using CL2 gas doses to disinfect waste water. In Jibroo they use CL2 powder. The range of the Chlorine as per MECA Standard is between 0.3 to 3mgl. All forms of chlorine react with water to produce hypochlorous acid, which is actually does the disinfection when chlorine is used to disinfect water. The purpose of disinfection in the treatment of wastewater is to substantially reduce the number of microorganisms in the water to be discharged back into the environment and is almost always the final step in the treatment process regardless of the level or type of treatment used. The effectiveness of disinfection depends on the quality of the water being treated (e.g., cloudiness, pH, ammonia content, etc.), the type of disinfection being used, the disinfectant dosage (concentration and time), a ... Purchase answer to see full attachment

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